Kim Yoo Chun, Chiang Bryce, Wu Xianggen, Prausnitz Mark R
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Wallace Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
J Control Release. 2014 Sep 28;190:172-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.043. Epub 2014 Jul 3.
Biopharmaceuticals are making increasing impact on medicine, including treatment of indications in the eye. Macromolecular drugs are typically given by physician-administered invasive delivery methods, because non-invasive ocular delivery methods, such as eye drops, and systemic delivery, have low bioavailability and/or poor ocular targeting. There is a need to improve delivery of biopharmaceuticals to enable less-invasive delivery routes, less-frequent dosing through controlled-release drug delivery and improved drug targeting within the eye to increase efficacy and reduce side effects. This review discusses the barriers to drug delivery via various ophthalmic routes of administration in the context of macromolecule delivery and discusses efforts to develop controlled-release systems for delivery of biopharmaceuticals to the eye. The growing number of macromolecular therapies in the eye needs improved drug delivery methods that increase drug efficacy, safety and patient compliance.
生物制药对医学的影响日益增大，包括眼部适应症的治疗。大分子药物通常通过医生实施的侵入性给药方法给药，因为非侵入性眼部给药方法（如滴眼液）和全身给药的生物利用度低和/或眼部靶向性差。需要改进生物制药的给药方式，以实现侵入性较小的给药途径，通过控释药物递送减少给药频率，并改善药物在眼内的靶向性，以提高疗效并减少副作用。本文综述在大分子递送背景下通过各种眼科给药途径进行药物递送的障碍，并讨论开发用于将生物制药递送至眼部的控释系统的努力。眼部大分子疗法数量的不断增加需要改进药物递送方法，以提高药物疗效、安全性和患者依从性。
