Nagai Katsuya, Niijima Akira, Horii Yuko, Shen Jiao, Tanida Mamoru
ANBAS Corporation, 4-12-17 Toyosaki, Kita-Ku, Osaka 531-0072, Japan; Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Japan.
Niigata University, Japan.
Auton Neurosci. 2014 Oct;185:29-35. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2014.06.005. Epub 2014 Jun 25.
This review summarizes the effects of olfactory stimulation with grapefruit and lavender oils on autonomic nerve activity and physiological function. Olfactory stimulation with the scent of grapefruit oil (GFO) increases the activity of sympathetic nerves that innervate white and brown adipose tissues, the adrenal glands, and the kidneys, decreases the activity of the gastric vagal nerve in rats and mice. This results in an increase in lipolysis, thermogenesis, and blood pressure, and a decrease in food intake. Olfactory stimulation with the scent of lavender oil (LVO) elicits the opposite changes in nerve activity and physiological variables. Olfactory stimulation with scent of limonene, a component of GFO, and linalool, a component of LVO, has similar effects to stimulation with GFO and LVO, respectively. The histamine H1-receptor antagonist, diphenhydramine, abolishes all GFO-induced changes in nerve activity and physiological variables, and the hitstamine H3-receptor antagonist, thioperamide, eliminates all LVO-induced changes. Lesions to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus and anosmic treatment with ZnSO4 also abolish all GFO- and LVO-induced changes. These findings indicate that limonene and linalool might be the active substances in GFO and LVO, and suggest that the suprachiasmatic nucleus and histamine are involved in mediating the GFO- and LVO-induced changes in nerve activity and physiological variables.
本综述总结了葡萄柚油和薰衣草油嗅觉刺激对自主神经活动和生理功能的影响。葡萄柚油（GFO）气味的嗅觉刺激会增加支配白色和棕色脂肪组织、肾上腺和肾脏的交感神经活动，降低大鼠和小鼠胃迷走神经的活动。这导致脂肪分解、产热和血压增加，以及食物摄入量减少。薰衣草油（LVO）气味的嗅觉刺激会引起神经活动和生理变量的相反变化。GFO的成分柠檬烯和LVO的成分芳樟醇的嗅觉刺激分别与GFO和LVO的刺激具有相似的效果。组胺H1受体拮抗剂苯海拉明消除了所有GFO诱导的神经活动和生理变量变化，组胺H3受体拮抗剂硫代酰胺消除了所有LVO诱导的变化。下丘脑视交叉上核损伤和硫酸锌嗅觉缺失治疗也消除了所有GFO和LVO诱导的变化。这些发现表明柠檬烯和芳樟醇可能是GFO和LVO中的活性物质，并表明视交叉上核和组胺参与介导GFO和LVO诱导的神经活动和生理变量变化。
