Kwon Soon-Chan, Roh Soo-Yong, Lee Ji-Hoon, Kim Eun-A
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan, Korea.
J Korean Med Sci. 2014 Jun;29 Suppl(Suppl):S78-84. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.S.S78. Epub 2014 Jun 13.
Investigation into the frequency of compensation for occupational diseases (ODs) caused by hazardous chemicals revealed an important opportunity for the improvement and further development of occupational health and safety systems in Korea. In response to concerns after outbreaks of disease due to chemical exposure, specific criteria for recognition of ODs were established and included in the Enforcement Decree of the Labor Standard Act (LSA) and the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act (IACIA) on June 28, 2013. However, the original versions of the LSA and IACIA contain several limitations. First, the criteria was listed inconsistently according to the symptoms or signs of acute poisoning. Second, all newly recognized hazardous chemicals and chemicals recognized as hazardous by the International Labor Organization (ILO) were not included in the LSA and IACIA. Although recent amendments have addressed these shortcomings, future amendments should strive to include all chemicals listed by the ILO and continuously add newly discovered hazardous chemicals as they are introduced into the workplace.
对危险化学品所致职业病（ODs）赔偿频率的调查揭示了韩国职业健康与安全系统改进及进一步发展的重要契机。针对因化学物质暴露引发疾病疫情后的担忧，2013年6月28日制定了职业病认定的具体标准，并纳入《劳动标准法》（LSA）和《工业事故赔偿保险法》（IACIA）的执行令中。然而，LSA和IACIA的原始版本存在若干局限性。首先，该标准根据急性中毒的症状或体征列出，存在不一致性。其次，LSA和IACIA未纳入所有新认定的危险化学品以及被国际劳工组织（ILO）认定为危险的化学品。尽管近期的修订已解决了这些缺陷，但未来的修订应努力纳入ILO列出的所有化学品，并在新发现的危险化学品引入工作场所时持续加以补充。
