Departments of Physiology and Medicine, Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.
Pulm Circ. 2013 Dec;3(4):802-15. doi: 10.1086/674765.
This review highlights our current knowledge regarding expression of transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels in lung endothelium and evidence for their involvement in regulation of lung endothelial permeability. Six mammalian TRP families have been identified and organized on the basis of sequence homology: TRPC (canonical), TRPV (vanilloid), TRPM (melastatin), TRPML (mucolipin), TRPP (polycystin), and TRPA (ankyrin). To date, only TRPC1/4, TRPC6, TRPV4, and TRPM2 have been extensively studied in lung endothelium. Calcium influx through each of these channels has been documented to increase lung endothelial permeability, although their channel-gating mechanisms, downstream signaling mechanisms, and impact on endothelial structure and barrier integrity differ. While other members of the TRPC, TRPV, and TRPM families may be expressed in lung endothelium, we have little or no evidence linking these to regulation of lung endothelial permeability. Further, neither the expression nor functional role(s) of any TRPML, TRPP, and TRPA family members has been studied in lung endothelium. In addition to this assessment organized by TRP channel family, we also discuss TRP channels and lung endothelial permeability from the perspective of lung endothelial heterogeneity, using outcomes of studies focused on TRPC1/4 and TRPV4 channels. The diversity within the TRP channel family and the relative paucity of information regarding roles of a number of these channels in lung endothelium make this field ripe for continued investigation.
这篇综述强调了我们目前对于肺内皮细胞中瞬时受体电位 (TRP) 阳离子通道表达的了解，并提供了这些通道参与肺内皮通透性调节的证据。已经确定了六个哺乳动物 TRP 家族，并根据序列同源性进行了组织：TRPC（经典）、TRPV（香草酸）、TRPM（melastatin）、TRPML（粘脂）、TRPP（多囊蛋白）和 TRPA（锚蛋白）。迄今为止，在肺内皮细胞中已经广泛研究了 TRPC1/4、TRPC6、TRPV4 和 TRPM2。已经证明，这些通道中的每一个通道的钙内流都会增加肺内皮通透性，尽管它们的通道门控机制、下游信号机制以及对内皮结构和屏障完整性的影响不同。虽然 TRPC、TRPV 和 TRPM 家族的其他成员可能在肺内皮细胞中表达，但我们几乎没有或没有证据将这些成员与肺内皮通透性的调节联系起来。此外，TRPML、TRPP 和 TRPA 家族成员的表达或功能作用在肺内皮细胞中均未得到研究。除了按 TRP 通道家族进行评估外，我们还从肺内皮细胞异质性的角度讨论了 TRP 通道和肺内皮通透性，使用了专注于 TRPC1/4 和 TRPV4 通道的研究结果。TRP 通道家族内的多样性以及这些通道中许多在肺内皮细胞中的作用的信息相对较少，使得这一领域非常适合进一步研究。
