Rao Chythra R, de Ruiter Lara E E, Bhat Parvati, Kamath Veena, Kamath Asha, Bhat Vinod
Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
ISRN Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Mar 13;2014:935982. doi: 10.1155/2014/935982. eCollection 2014.
Introduction. Preterm birth is the leading cause of newborn deaths and the second leading cause of death in children under five years old. Three-quarters of them could be saved with current, cost-effective interventions. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors of preterm birth in a secondary care hospital in Southern India. Methods. In the case-control study, records of 153 antenatal women with preterm birth were included as cases. Age matched controls were women who had a live birth after 37 weeks of gestational age. Gestational age at delivery and associated risk factors were analyzed. Results. The preterm birth rate was 5.8%. Common risk factors associated with preterm birth were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (21.4%), height <1.50 m (16.8%), premature rupture of membranes (17.5%), and fetal distress (14.9%). Mean birth weight for preterm babies was 2452 grams while the birth weight for term babies was 2978 grams. Conclusion. The commonest obstetrical risk factor for preterm birth was hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and nonobstetrical risk factor was height <1.50 m. The percentage of preterm birth was low, comparable to developing countries.
引言。早产是新生儿死亡的主要原因，也是五岁以下儿童死亡的第二大原因。其中四分之三的早产情况可通过目前具有成本效益的干预措施得以挽救。本研究的目的是确定印度南部一家二级护理医院中早产的风险因素。方法。在这项病例对照研究中，纳入了153例早产的产前妇女记录作为病例。年龄匹配的对照组为孕周37周后活产的妇女。分析了分娩时的孕周及相关风险因素。结果。早产率为5.8%。与早产相关的常见风险因素包括妊娠高血压疾病（21.4%）、身高<1.50米（16.8%）、胎膜早破（17.5%）和胎儿窘迫（14.9%）。早产婴儿的平均出生体重为2452克，而足月儿的出生体重为2978克。结论。早产最常见的产科风险因素是妊娠高血压疾病，非产科风险因素是身高<1.50米。早产率较低，与发展中国家相当。
