Tian Shu-bo, Yu Jian-chun, Kang Wei-ming, Ma Zhi-qiang, Ye Xin, Cao Zhan-jiang
Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2014 Jul 9;9(7):e101728. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101728. eCollection 2014.
Observational studies have given inconsistent findings on the relationship between intake of dairy products and gastric cancer. We therefore conducted a systematic review with a meta-analysis of observational studies to summarize available evidence on this point.
We searched the electronic literature databases of PubMed (Medline), EMBASE and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database up until August 30, 2013. All studies were limited to the English language. Random-effects models were used to pool study results between dairy products consumption and the risk of gastric cancer. We also performed subgroup, publication bias and sensitivity analysis.
Eight prospective studies and 18 case-control studies were included in our analysis, with a total number of 7272 gastric cancer cases and 223,355 controls. Pooled relative risks of all studies showed no significant association between dairy intake and gastric cancer (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.96-1.25). When study design was separately analyzed, population-based case-control studies showed a positive association between dairy intake and gastric cancer risk (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07-1.74), whereas no associations were shown by hospital-based case-control studies (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.72-1.02) or cohort studies (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.91-1.13).
The meta-analysis shows that no clear association apparently exists between consumption of dairy products and gastric cancer risk. Further well-designed cohort and intervention studies should be conducted to verify this lack of association.
观察性研究关于乳制品摄入与胃癌之间的关系给出了不一致的结果。因此，我们进行了一项观察性研究的系统评价和荟萃分析，以总结这方面的现有证据。
我们检索了截至2013年8月30日的PubMed（医学索引数据库）、EMBASE和中国生物医学文献数据库的电子文献数据库。所有研究限于英文。采用随机效应模型汇总乳制品消费与胃癌风险之间的研究结果。我们还进行了亚组分析、发表偏倚分析和敏感性分析。
我们的分析纳入了8项前瞻性研究和18项病例对照研究，共有7272例胃癌病例和223355例对照。所有研究的合并相对风险显示，乳制品摄入与胃癌之间无显著关联（优势比[OR]：1.09，95%置信区间[CI]：0.96 - 1.25）。当分别分析研究设计时，基于人群的病例对照研究显示乳制品摄入与胃癌风险呈正相关（OR：1.36；95%CI：1.07 - 1.74），而基于医院的病例对照研究（OR：0.86，95%CI：0.72 - 1.02）或队列研究（OR = 1.01，95%CI = 0.91 - 1.13）均未显示出关联。
荟萃分析表明，乳制品消费与胃癌风险之间显然不存在明确关联。应开展进一步设计良好的队列研究和干预研究以验证这种缺乏关联的情况。
