Steel John, Lowen Anice C
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2014;385:377-401. doi: 10.1007/82_2014_395.
Reassortment is the process by which influenza viruses swap gene segments. This genetic exchange is possible due to the segmented nature of the viral genome and occurs when two differing influenza viruses co-infect a cell. The viral diversity generated through reassortment is vast and plays an important role in the evolution of influenza viruses. Herein we review recent insights into the contribution of reassortment to the natural history and epidemiology of influenza A viruses, gained through population scale phylogenic analyses. We describe methods currently used to study reassortment in the laboratory, and we summarize recent progress made using these experimental approaches to further our understanding of influenza virus reassortment and the contexts in which it occurs.
基因重配是流感病毒交换基因片段的过程。由于病毒基因组的分段性质，这种基因交换是可能的，并且当两种不同的流感病毒共同感染一个细胞时就会发生。通过基因重配产生的病毒多样性非常大，并且在流感病毒的进化中起着重要作用。在此，我们回顾了通过群体规模系统发育分析获得的关于基因重配对甲型流感病毒自然史和流行病学贡献的最新见解。我们描述了目前在实验室中用于研究基因重配的方法，并总结了使用这些实验方法在进一步理解流感病毒基因重配及其发生背景方面取得的最新进展。
