Hazeldine Jon, Lord Janet M
MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK,
Biogerontology. 2015 Apr;16(2):187-201. doi: 10.1007/s10522-014-9514-3. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
A well-established feature of physiological ageing is altered immune function, a phenomenon termed immunesenescence. Thought to be responsible in part for the increased incidence and severity of infection reported by older adults, as well as the age-related decline in vaccine efficacy and autoimmunity, immunesenescence affects both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. Whilst much is known regarding the impact of age on adaptive immunity, innate immunity has received far less attention from immune gerontologists. However, over the last decade it has become increasingly apparent that this non-specific arm of the immune response undergoes considerable functional and phenotypical alterations with age. Here, we provide a detailed overview of innate immunesenescence and its underlying molecular mechanisms, and highlight those studies whose results indicate that changes in innate immunity with age have a significant impact upon the health and well-being of older adults.
生理衰老的一个公认特征是免疫功能改变，这一现象被称为免疫衰老。免疫衰老被认为是导致老年人感染发病率和严重程度增加的部分原因，也是疫苗效力和自身免疫性随年龄下降的原因，它影响免疫系统的固有免疫和适应性免疫两个分支。虽然关于年龄对适应性免疫的影响已为人熟知，但固有免疫受到免疫老年学专家的关注要少得多。然而，在过去十年中，越来越明显的是，免疫反应的这一非特异性分支会随着年龄增长发生相当大的功能和表型改变。在此，我们详细概述了固有免疫衰老及其潜在分子机制，并着重介绍了那些结果表明固有免疫随年龄变化对老年人健康和幸福有重大影响的研究。
