Institute of Neuroinformatics, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland ; Movement Disorders Section, Institute for Neurological Research Raul Carrea, Fleni Institute , Buenos Aires , Argentina ; Society in Science, The Branco-Weiss Fellowship, ETH Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland.
Movement Disorders Section, Institute for Neurological Research Raul Carrea, Fleni Institute , Buenos Aires , Argentina.
Front Neurol. 2014 Jun 25;5:96. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00096. eCollection 2014.
A new working hypothesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) proposes to focus on the central role of entropy increase in the basal ganglia (BG) in movement disorders. The conditions necessary for entropy increase in vivo are, however, still not fully described. We recorded the activity of single globus pallidus pars interna neurons during the transition from deep anesthesia to full alertness in relaxed, head-restrained, control, and parkinsonian (6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned group-lesioned) rats. We found that during awakening from anesthesia, the variation of neuronal entropy was significantly higher in the parkinsonian than in the control group. This implies in our view that in PD the entropy of the output neurons of the BG varies dynamically with the input to the network, which is determined by the level of alertness. Therefore, entropy needs to be interpreted as a dynamic, emergent property that characterizes the global state of the BG neuronal network, rather than a static property of parkinsonian neurons themselves. Within the framework of the "entropy hypothesis," this implies the presence of a pathological feedback loop in the parkinsonian BG, where increasing the network input results in a further increase of neuronal entropy and a worsening of akinesia.
帕金森病（PD）的一个新工作假说提出，要关注基底神经节（BG）中熵增加在运动障碍中的核心作用。然而，体内熵增加所需的条件仍未得到充分描述。我们在放松、头部固定的对照和帕金森病（6-羟多巴胺损伤组损伤）大鼠中，记录了深部麻醉到完全清醒过渡期间内苍白球内侧部单个神经元的活动。我们发现，在麻醉苏醒过程中，帕金森病大鼠神经元熵的变化明显高于对照组。这意味着在 PD 中，BG 输出神经元的熵随网络输入而动态变化，而网络输入由警觉水平决定。因此，熵需要被解释为一个动态的、涌现的特性，它描述了 BG 神经元网络的整体状态，而不是帕金森病神经元本身的静态特性。在“熵假说”的框架内，这意味着帕金森病 BG 中存在病理性反馈环，其中增加网络输入会导致神经元熵进一步增加，运动不能进一步恶化。
