Gabriele Stefano, Sacco Roberto, Cerullo Sonia, Neri Cristina, Urbani Andrea, Tripi Gabriele, Malvy Joëlle, Barthelemy Catherine, Bonnet-Brihault Frédérique, Persico Antonio M
Unit of Child and Adolescent NeuroPsychiatry and.
Biomarkers. 2014 Sep;19(6):463-70. doi: 10.3109/1354750X.2014.936911. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
The aromatic compound p-cresol (4-methylphenol) has been found elevated in the urines of Italian autistic children up to 8 years of age. The present study aims at replicating these initial findings in an ethnically distinct sample and at extending them by measuring also the three components of urinary p-cresol, namely p-cresylsulfate, p-cresylglucuronate and free p-cresol. Total urinary p-cresol, p-cresylsulfate and p-cresylglucuronate were significantly elevated in 33 French autism spectrum disorder (ASD) cases compared with 33 sex- and age-matched controls (p < 0.05). This increase was limited to ASD children aged ≤8 years (p < 0.01), and not older (p = 0.17). Urinary levels of p-cresol and p-cresylsulfate were associated with stereotypic, compulsive/repetitive behaviors (p < 0.05), although not with overall autism severity. These results confirm the elevation of urinary p-cresol in a sizable set of small autistic children and spur interest into biomarker roles for p-cresol and p-cresylsulfate in autism.
已发现芳香族化合物对甲酚（4-甲基苯酚）在8岁以下意大利自闭症儿童尿液中的含量升高。本研究旨在在一个种族不同的样本中重复这些初步发现，并通过测量尿对甲酚的三种成分，即对甲酚硫酸盐、对甲酚葡萄糖醛酸酯和游离对甲酚，来扩展这些发现。与33名性别和年龄匹配的对照组相比，33例法国自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）病例的尿对甲酚、对甲酚硫酸盐和对甲酚葡萄糖醛酸酯总量显著升高（p<0.05）。这种升高仅限于8岁及以下的ASD儿童（p<0.01），而年龄较大的儿童则无此现象（p=0.17）。尿对甲酚和对甲酚硫酸盐水平与刻板、强迫/重复行为有关（p<0.05），但与自闭症的总体严重程度无关。这些结果证实了大量小年龄自闭症儿童尿液中对甲酚含量升高，并激发了人们对对甲酚和对甲酚硫酸盐在自闭症中作为生物标志物作用的兴趣。
