McElhinney Lorraine M, Marston Denise A, Brookes Sharon M, Fooks Anthony R
Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-Borne Disease Research Group, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom; Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, United Kingdom.
Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-Borne Disease Research Group, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom.
J Virol Methods. 2014 Oct;207:110-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.06.024. Epub 2014 Jul 7.
Carcases received for rabies diagnosis are occasionally decomposed due to delays in finding, submitting or storing them. Positive diagnostic results from such samples are reliable but negative results may be invalid. Previous studies assessed the effect of decomposition on rabies detection using excised brains. To better reflect decomposition in the field, intact infected mouse carcases were stored at three temperatures for up to 70 days. The brains were then removed and tested using routine rabies diagnostic assays. Rabies virus was isolated using the Rabies Tissue Culture Inoculation Test (RTCIT) on days 18, 3 and 3 at 4°C, 25°C and 35°C, respectively. The Fluorescent Antibody Test (FAT) detected viral antigen on days 36, 12 and 3, whilst a rabies specific Hemi-nested RT-PCR detected viral RNA on days 70, 48 and 48 at 4°C, 25°C and 35°C, respectively. These findings suggest the persistence of infectious rabies virus in carcases left for 18 days at cold temperatures (4°C) and up to 3 days in temperatures reaching 35°C. The detection of viral RNA from a carcase decomposing at 35°C for 48 days supports the use of molecular assays to accompany OIE-prescribed rabies diagnostic tests particularly when decomposed samples are likely to be submitted. Count=199.
因查找、提交或保存延迟，送来进行狂犬病诊断的动物尸体偶尔会出现腐败现象。此类样本的阳性诊断结果可靠，但阴性结果可能无效。以往研究使用切除的脑组织评估了腐败对狂犬病检测的影响。为了更好地反映野外的腐败情况，将完整的感染小鼠尸体在三个温度下保存长达70天。然后取出脑组织，使用常规狂犬病诊断检测方法进行检测。分别在4℃、25℃和35℃下，于第18天、第3天和第3天使用狂犬病组织培养接种试验（RTCIT）分离出狂犬病病毒。荧光抗体试验（FAT）在第36天、第12天和第3天检测到病毒抗原，而狂犬病特异性半巢式逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）分别在4℃、25℃和35℃下于第70天、第48天和第48天检测到病毒RNA。这些发现表明，感染性狂犬病病毒在低温（4℃）下的尸体中可存活18天，在高达35℃的温度下可存活3天。在35℃下分解48天的尸体中检测到病毒RNA，这支持在提交可能已分解的样本时，使用分子检测方法辅助世界动物卫生组织规定的狂犬病诊断检测。计数=199。
