Guo Hongguang, Yu Zhisheng, Thompson Ian P, Zhang Hongxun
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2014 Nov;98(21):9083-93. doi: 10.1007/s00253-014-5908-z. Epub 2014 Jul 11.
The activity of methanogens and related bacteria which inhabit the coal beds is essential for stimulating new biogenic coal bed methane (CBM) production from the coal matrix. In this study, the microbial community structure and methanogenesis were investigated in Southern Qinshui Basin in China, and the composition and stable isotopic ratios of CBM were also determined. Although geochemical analysis suggested a mainly thermogenic origin for CBM, the microbial community structure and activities strongly implied the presence of methanogens in situ. 454 pyrosequencing analysis combined with methyl coenzyme-M reductase (mcrA) gene clone library analysis revealed that the archaeal communities in the water samples from both coal seams were similar, with the dominance of hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanobacterium. The activity and potential of these populations to produce methane were confirmed by the observation of methane production in enrichments supplemented with H2 + CO2 and formate, and the only archaea successfully propagated in the tested water samples was from the genus Methanobacterium. 454 pyrosequencing analysis also recovered the diverse bacterial communities in the water samples, which have the potential to play a role in the coal biodegradation fueling methanogens. These results suggest that the biogenic CBM was generated by coal degradation via the hydrogenotrophic methanogens and related bacteria, which also contribute to the huge CBM reserves in Southern Qinshui Basin, China.
栖息于煤层中的产甲烷菌及相关细菌的活性对于刺激从煤基质中产生新的生物成因煤层气（CBM）至关重要。在本研究中，对中国沁水盆地南部的微生物群落结构和甲烷生成进行了调查，同时还测定了煤层气的组成和稳定同位素比率。尽管地球化学分析表明煤层气主要源于热成因，但微生物群落结构和活性强烈暗示原位存在产甲烷菌。454焦磷酸测序分析结合甲基辅酶-M还原酶（mcrA）基因克隆文库分析表明，两个煤层水样中的古菌群落相似，以氢营养型产甲烷菌甲烷杆菌属为主。在添加H2 + CO2和甲酸盐的富集培养物中观察到甲烷生成，证实了这些菌群产生甲烷的活性和潜力，并且在测试水样中成功繁殖的唯一古菌来自甲烷杆菌属。454焦磷酸测序分析还检测到水样中存在多样的细菌群落，它们有可能在为产甲烷菌提供燃料的煤炭生物降解过程中发挥作用。这些结果表明，生物成因煤层气是由氢营养型产甲烷菌及相关细菌对煤的降解产生的，这也对中国沁水盆地南部巨大的煤层气储量有贡献。
