Joy Elizabeth, De Souza Mary Jane, Nattiv Aurelia, Misra Madhusmita, Williams Nancy I, Mallinson Rebecca J, Gibbs Jenna C, Olmsted Marion, Goolsby Marci, Matheson Gordon, Barrack Michelle, Burke Louise, Drinkwater Barbara, Lebrun Connie, Loucks Anne B, Mountjoy Margo, Nichols Jeanne, Borgen Jorunn Sundgot
1Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT; 2Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA; 3University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; 4Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 5University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 6Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY; 7Stanford University, San Francisco, CA; 8California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA; 9Australian Institute of Sport, Australia; 10Washington; 11University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; 12Ohio University, Athens, OH; 13McMaster University, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; 14San Diego State University, San Diego, CA; and 15Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2014 Jul-Aug;13(4):219-32. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000077.
The female athlete triad is a medical condition often observed in physically active girls and women and involves three components: (1) low energy availability with or without disordered eating, (2) menstrual dysfunction, and (3) low bone mineral density. Female athletes often present with one or more of the three triad components, and early intervention is essential to prevent its progression to serious end points that include clinical eating disorders, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis. This consensus statement presents a set of recommendations developed following the first (San Francisco, CA) and second (Indianapolis, IN) International Symposia on the Female Athlete Triad. This consensus statement was intended to provide clinical guidelines for physicians, athletic trainers, and other health care providers for the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of the female athlete triad and to provide clear recommendations for return to play. The expert panel has proposed a risk stratification point system that takes into account magnitude of risk to assist the physician in decision making regarding sport participation, clearance, and return to play. Guidelines are offered for clearance categories, management by a multidisciplinary team, and implementation of treatment contracts.
女性运动员三联征是一种在从事体育活动的女孩和女性中经常观察到的医学状况，它包括三个方面：（1）能量供应不足，伴有或不伴有饮食失调；（2）月经功能紊乱；（3）骨矿物质密度低。女性运动员常常表现出三联征三个方面中的一个或多个，早期干预对于防止其发展到严重的结局至关重要，这些严重结局包括临床饮食失调、闭经和骨质疏松症。本共识声明提出了一组在第一届（加利福尼亚州旧金山）和第二届（印第安纳州印第安纳波利斯）女性运动员三联征国际专题研讨会之后制定的建议。本共识声明旨在为医生、运动训练师和其他医疗保健提供者提供关于女性运动员三联征筛查、诊断和治疗的临床指南，并为恢复运动提供明确建议。专家小组提出了一个风险分层评分系统，该系统考虑了风险程度，以协助医生在有关运动参与、批准参赛和恢复运动的决策中做出决定。针对批准参赛类别、多学科团队管理以及治疗合同的实施提供了指南。
