Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China.
Pharmaceutics. 2014 Jul 10;6(3):378-415. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics6030378.
Intranasal delivery of DNA vaccines has become a popular research area recently. It offers some distinguished advantages over parenteral and other routes of vaccine administration. Nasal mucosa as site of vaccine administration can stimulate respiratory mucosal immunity by interacting with the nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissues (NALT). Different kinds of DNA vaccines are investigated to provide protection against respiratory infectious diseases including tuberculosis, coronavirus, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) etc. DNA vaccines have several attractive development potential, such as producing cross-protection towards different virus subtypes, enabling the possibility of mass manufacture in a relatively short time and a better safety profile. The biggest obstacle to DNA vaccines is low immunogenicity. One of the approaches to enhance the efficacy of DNA vaccine is to improve DNA delivery efficiency. This review provides insight on the development of intranasal DNA vaccine for respiratory infections, with special attention paid to the strategies to improve the delivery of DNA vaccines using non-viral delivery agents.
鼻腔内传递 DNA 疫苗已成为近期热门的研究领域。相较于其他给药途径和肠胃外途径，鼻腔内传递疫苗有一些显著优势。鼻腔黏膜作为疫苗给药部位，可以通过与鼻咽部相关淋巴组织（NALT）相互作用刺激呼吸道黏膜免疫。不同种类的 DNA 疫苗被研究用于预防呼吸道传染病，包括肺结核、冠状病毒、流感和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）等。DNA 疫苗具有多种吸引人的开发潜力，例如对不同病毒亚型产生交叉保护作用，使其有可能在相对较短的时间内大规模生产，且安全性更好。DNA 疫苗的最大障碍是免疫原性低。提高 DNA 疫苗疗效的一种方法是提高 DNA 传递效率。本综述提供了有关呼吸道感染鼻腔内 DNA 疫苗发展的见解，特别关注使用非病毒传递剂改善 DNA 疫苗传递的策略。
