Casco Clara, Guzzon Daniela, Moise Monica, Vecchies Antonella, Testa Tiziano, Pavan Andrea
Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Neuro.Vis.U.S.Laboratory, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2014;32(5):639-53. doi: 10.3233/RNN-140389.
In this study we investigated in observers with low myopia: (i) the pattern of lateral interactions between stimuli activating early cortical analyzers and its modulation by perceptual learning (PL), and (ii) whether PL transferred to untrained stimuli and tasks and whether it exhibits interocular transfer.
Participants (seven adults with low myopia) performed 12 training sessions. Participants were trained on a contrast detection task of a central Gabor target flanked by two co-oriented and co-aligned high contrast Gabor patches. Target-to-flankers separation along the vertical axis was varied from 2 wavelengths (λ) to 8λ.
The results showed that before PL facilitatory lateral interactions in the myopic eye were reduced in strength, but PL increased contrast sensitivity and improved facilitatory lateral interactions. However, PL did not transfer to different local/global orientations and lower spatial frequencies. On the other hand, PL resulted in an enhancement of the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and of the uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) both in the trained and untrained eye.
Such improvements seem to be associated to a modulation of lateral interactions between target and flankers and it is likely to take place at a level in which the inputs from the two eyes converge.
在本研究中，我们对低度近视观察者进行了调查：(i) 激活早期皮层分析器的刺激之间的侧向相互作用模式及其通过知觉学习（PL）的调节，以及 (ii) PL 是否转移到未训练的刺激和任务上，以及它是否表现出双眼间转移。
参与者（7 名低度近视成年人）进行了 12 次训练课程。参与者接受了一项对比度检测任务的训练，任务内容为中央的一个 Gabor 目标两侧各有两个同向且对齐的高对比度 Gabor 斑块。目标与侧翼沿垂直轴的间距从 2 个波长（λ）变化到 8λ。
结果表明，在 PL 之前，近视眼的促进性侧向相互作用强度降低，但 PL 提高了对比度敏感度并改善了促进性侧向相互作用。然而，PL 并未转移到不同的局部/全局方向和较低空间频率上。另一方面，PL 导致训练眼和未训练眼的对比度敏感度函数（CSF）和未矫正视力（UCVA）均得到增强。
这种改善似乎与目标和侧翼之间侧向相互作用的调节有关，并且很可能发生在双眼输入汇聚的水平。
