Pérez-Idárraga Alexandra, Aragón-Vargas Luis Fernando
Human Movement Science Research Center, Escuela de Educación Física y Deportes, University of Costa Rica,11-501-2060, Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2014 Oct;39(10):1167-74. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2013-0434. Epub 2014 May 9.
Fluid retention, thirst quenching, tolerance, and palatability of different drinks were assessed. On 4 different days, 12 healthy, physically active volunteers (24.4 ± 3.2 years old, 74.75 ± 11.36 kg body mass (mean ± S.D)), were dehydrated to 2.10% ± 0.24% body mass by exercising in an environmental chamber (32.0 ± 0.4 °C dry bulb, 53.8 ± 5.2% relative humidity). Each day they drank 1 of 4 beverages in random order: fresh coconut water (FCW), bottled water (W), sports drink (SD), or potassium-rich drink (NEW); volume was 120% of weight loss. Urine was collected and perceptions self-reported for 3 h. Urine output was higher (p < 0.05) for W (894 ± 178 mL) than SD (605 ± 297 mL) and NEW (599 ± 254 mL). FCW (686 ± 250 mL) was not different from any other drink (p > 0.05). Fluid retention was higher for SD than W (68.2% ± 13.0% vs. 51.3% ± 12.6%, p = 0.013), but not for FCW and NEW (62.5% ± 15.4% and 65.9% ± 15.4%, p > 0.05). All beverages were palatable and well tolerated; none maintained a positive net fluid balance after 3 h, but deficit was greater in W versus SD (p = 0.001). FCW scored higher for sweetness (p = 0.03). Thirst increased immediately after exercise but returned to baseline after drinking a small volume (p < 0.0005). In conclusion, additional potassium in FCW and NEW did not result in additional rehydration benefits over those already found in a conventional sports drink with sodium.
评估了不同饮品的液体潴留、解渴效果、耐受性和适口性。在4个不同的日子里，12名健康、有体育活动的志愿者（年龄24.4±3.2岁，体重74.75±11.36千克（均值±标准差））在环境舱（干球温度32.0±0.4°C，相对湿度53.8±5.2%）中运动，使体重减轻2.10%±0.24%。每天他们随机饮用4种饮料中的1种：新鲜椰子水（FCW）、瓶装水（W）、运动饮料（SD）或富钾饮料（NEW）；饮用量为体重减轻量的120%。收集尿液并让志愿者自我报告3小时内的感受。W组（894±178毫升）的尿量高于SD组（605±297毫升）和NEW组（599±254毫升）（p<0.05）。FCW组（686±250毫升）与其他任何饮料组无差异（p>0.05）。SD组的液体潴留高于W组（68.2%±13.0%对51.3%±12.6%，p = 0.013），但FCW组和NEW组无差异（62.5%±15.4%和65.9%±15.4%，p>0.05）。所有饮料口感良好且耐受性佳；3小时后均未保持正的净液体平衡，但W组的液体亏缺大于SD组（p = 0.001）。FCW组的甜度评分更高（p = 0.03）。运动后口渴立即增加，但饮用少量饮料后恢复至基线水平（p<0.0005）。总之，与含钠的传统运动饮料相比，FCW和NEW中额外添加的钾并未带来额外的补液益处。
