Volcheck Gerald W, Mertes Paul Michel
Division of Allergic Diseases, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 1 Place de l'Hôpital - BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2014 Aug;34(3):525-46, viii. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2014.03.004. Epub 2014 May 27.
Intraoperative anaphylaxis and hypersensitivity reactions in the setting of anesthesia contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality of surgeries and surgical procedures. Because multiple medications and products are given in a short period of time, identifying the specific cause can be difficult. Neuromuscular blocking agents, antibiotics, and latex are the most common causes of anesthesia-related reactions, though other medications or exposures could be involved. Careful review of anesthetic charts and allergy testing can help identify the underlying cause. The identification of the cause and subsequent prevention of reactions are critical to reduce overall mortality and morbidity related to anesthesia.
麻醉过程中的术中过敏反应和超敏反应对手术及外科操作的发病率和死亡率有显著影响。由于在短时间内会使用多种药物和产品，确定具体病因可能很困难。神经肌肉阻滞剂、抗生素和乳胶是麻醉相关反应最常见的原因，不过也可能涉及其他药物或接触物。仔细查阅麻醉记录和进行过敏测试有助于确定潜在病因。确定病因并随后预防反应对于降低与麻醉相关的总体死亡率和发病率至关重要。
