Lança Carla, Serra Helena, Prista João
Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa & Centro de Investigação e Estudos em Saúde Pública (CIESP) , Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública .
Strabismus. 2014 Sep;22(3):115-9. doi: 10.3109/09273972.2014.932395. Epub 2014 Jul 14.
Visual anomalies that affect school-age children represent an important public health problem. Data on the prevalence are lacking in Portugal but is needed for planning vision services. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of strabismus, decreased visual acuity, and uncorrected refractive error in Portuguese children aged 6 to 11 years.
A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 672 school-age children (7.69±1.19 years). Children received an orthoptic assessment (visual acuity, ocular alignment, and ocular movements) and non-cycloplegic autorefraction.
After orthoptic assessment, 13.8% of children were considered abnormal (n=93). Manifest strabismus was found in 4% of the children. Rates of esotropia (2.1%) were slightly higher than exotropia (1.8%). Strabismus rates were not statistically significant different per sex (p=0.681) and grade (p=0.228). Decreased visual acuity at distance was present in 11.3% of children. Visual acuity≤20/66 (0.5 logMAR) was found in 1.3% of the children. We also found that 10.3% of children had an uncorrected refractive error.
Strabismus affects a small proportion of the Portuguese school-age children. Decreased visual acuity and uncorrected refractive error affected a significant proportion of school-age children. New policies need to be developed to address this public health problem.
影响学龄儿童的视觉异常是一个重要的公共卫生问题。葡萄牙缺乏患病率数据，但规划视力服务需要这些数据。本研究旨在确定6至11岁葡萄牙儿童斜视、视力下降和未矫正屈光不正的患病率。
对672名学龄儿童（7.69±1.19岁）进行了横断面研究。儿童接受了视光学评估（视力、眼位和眼球运动）和非散瞳自动验光。
经过视光学评估，13.8%的儿童被认为异常（n = 93）。4%的儿童存在明显斜视。内斜视发生率（2.1%）略高于外斜视（1.8%）。斜视发生率在性别（p = 0.681）和年级（p = 0.228）方面无统计学显著差异。11.3%的儿童存在远视力下降。1.3%的儿童视力≤20/66（0.5 logMAR）。我们还发现10.3%的儿童存在未矫正的屈光不正。
斜视影响一小部分葡萄牙学龄儿童。视力下降和未矫正屈光不正影响了相当比例的学龄儿童。需要制定新政策来解决这一公共卫生问题。
