Mattiucci Simonetta, Garcia Alexandra, Cipriani Paolo, Santos Miguel Neves, Nascetti Giuseppe, Cimmaruta Roberta
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Section of Parasitology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
IPMA, I.P, Avenida 5 de Outubro s/n, 8700-305 Olhão, Portugal.
Parasite. 2014;21:35. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2014036. Epub 2014 Jul 25.
Thirteen parasite taxa were identified in the Mediterranean swordfish by morphological and genetic/molecular methods. The comparison of the identified parasite taxa and parasitic infection values observed in the Mediterranean swordfish showed statistically significant differences with respect to those reported for its Atlantic populations. A stepwise Linear Discriminant Analysis of the individual fish examined showed a separation among three groups: one including fish from the Mediterranean Sea (CTS, STS, and IOS); one consisting of fish from the Central South (CS), Eastern Tropical (ET), and Equatorial (TEQ) Atlantic; and a third comprising the fish sampled from the North-West Atlantic (NW); the CN Atlantic sample was more similar to the first group rather than to the other Atlantic ones. The nematodes Hysterothylacium petteri and Anisakis pegreffii were the species that contributed most to the characterization of the Mediterranean swordfish samples with respect to these Atlantic ones. Anisakis brevispiculata, A. physeteris, A. paggiae, Anisakis sp. 2, Hysterothylacium incurvum, Hepatoxylon trichiuri, Sphyriocephalus viridis, and their high infection levels were associated with the swordfish from the Central and the Southern Atlantic areas. Finally, H. corrugatum, A. simplex (s.s.), Rhadinorhynchus pristis, and Bolbosoma vasculosum were related to the fish from the North-West (NW) Atlantic area. These results indicate that some parasites, particularly Anisakis spp. larvae identified by genetic markers, could be used as "biological tags" and support the existence of a Mediterranean swordfish stock.
通过形态学和遗传/分子方法在地中海箭鱼中鉴定出了13个寄生虫分类单元。对在地中海箭鱼中鉴定出的寄生虫分类单元和观察到的寄生虫感染值与报道的其大西洋种群的相关数据进行比较，结果显示存在统计学上的显著差异。对所检查的个体鱼进行的逐步线性判别分析显示可分为三组：一组包括来自地中海的鱼（CTS、STS和IOS）；一组由来自中南大西洋（CS）、东热带大西洋（ET）和赤道大西洋（TEQ）的鱼组成；第三组包括从西北大西洋（NW）采样的鱼；来自CN大西洋的样本与第一组更为相似，而不是与其他大西洋组的样本相似。相对于这些大西洋箭鱼样本，线虫彼得后圆线虫和佩氏异尖线虫是对地中海箭鱼样本特征贡献最大的物种。短刺异尖线虫、巨头异尖线虫、帕氏异尖线虫、异尖线虫2号、弯曲后圆线虫、旋尾肝毛细线虫、绿色裸头绦虫及其高感染水平与来自中大西洋和南大西洋地区的箭鱼有关。最后，皱纹后圆线虫、简单异尖线虫（狭义）、长吻吻钩线虫和血管博尔博吸虫与来自西北大西洋（NW）地区的鱼有关。这些结果表明，一些寄生虫，特别是通过遗传标记鉴定的异尖线虫属幼虫，可作为“生物标签”，并支持地中海箭鱼种群的存在。
