Young S, Moss D, Sedgwick O, Fridman M, Hodgkins P
Centre for Mental Health, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine,Imperial College London,UK.
Caudex Medical,Oxford,UK.
Psychol Med. 2015 Jan;45(2):247-58. doi: 10.1017/S0033291714000762. Epub 2014 Apr 7.
Studies report the variable prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in incarcerated populations. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence of ADHD in these populations.
Primary research studies reporting the prevalence (lifetime/current) of ADHD in incarcerated populations were identified. The meta-analysis used a mixed log-binomial model, including fixed effects for each covariate and a random study effect, to estimate the significance of various risk factors.
Forty-two studies were included in the analysis. ADHD prevalence was higher with screening diagnoses versus diagnostic interview (and with retrospective youth diagnoses versus current diagnoses). Using diagnostic interview data, the estimated prevalence was 25.5% and there were no significant differences for gender and age. Significant country differences were noted.
Compared with published general population prevalence, there is a fivefold increase in prevalence of ADHD in youth prison populations (30.1%) and a 10-fold increase in adult prison populations (26.2%).
研究报告了被监禁人群中注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的患病率存在差异。本荟萃分析的目的是确定这些人群中ADHD的患病率。
确定了报告被监禁人群中ADHD患病率（终生/当前）的主要研究。荟萃分析使用混合对数二项式模型，包括每个协变量的固定效应和随机研究效应，以估计各种风险因素的显著性。
42项研究纳入分析。筛查诊断的ADHD患病率高于诊断性访谈（回顾性青少年诊断高于当前诊断）。使用诊断性访谈数据，估计患病率为25.5%，性别和年龄无显著差异。注意到国家间存在显著差异。
与已公布的一般人群患病率相比，青少年监狱人群中ADHD患病率增加了五倍（30.1%），成人监狱人群中增加了十倍（26.2%）。
