初乳对新生儿结膜炎预防作用的评估：一项随机临床试验。
Evaluation of preventive effects of colostrum against neonatal conjunctivitis: A randomized clinical trial.
作者信息
Ghaemi Sadigheh, Navaei Parsa, Rahimirad Shima, Behjati Mohaddeseh, Kelishadi Roya
机构信息
Departments of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
出版信息
J Educ Health Promot. 2014 Jun 23;3:63. doi: 10.4103/2277-9531.134776. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND
Neonatal conjunctivitis leads to several ocular consequences in the affected neonates such as blindness. Currently available therapeutic options include NaNO3, Gentamicin, Neomycin and so on, in which each of them has their own limitations. Regarding the immunologic content of colostrum and its safety and easy accessibility, we aimed to evaluate its preventive effects against neonatal conjunctivitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this clinical trial, conducted from November 2011 to July 2012, 300 preterm neonates, with culture negative eye swab, were enrolled and randomly assigned into three groups. The intervention group received two drops of colostrum. Control group received no treatment and other neonates were treated with topical Erythromycin ointment (0.5%). All neonates were followed for occurrence of clinical conjunctivitis for 28 days. Data analysis were performed by Chi-square test.
RESULTS
Our data demonstrate the beneficial preventive effects of Colostrum against neonatal conjunctivitis (P = 0.036).
CONCLUSION
Colostrum is suggested as an alternative prophylactic option for antibiotics against neonatal conjunctivitis. As colostrum is easily accessible without cost, potential hazards and side effects, public education about its topical favorable effects is worthwhile.
背景
新生儿结膜炎会给受影响的新生儿带来多种眼部后果，如失明。目前可用的治疗选择包括硝酸钠、庆大霉素、新霉素等，其中每种都有其自身的局限性。鉴于初乳的免疫成分及其安全性和易获取性，我们旨在评估其对新生儿结膜炎的预防作用。
材料与方法
在这项于2011年11月至2012年7月进行的临床试验中，纳入了300名眼拭子培养阴性的早产儿，并将其随机分为三组。干预组接受两滴初乳。对照组不接受治疗，其他新生儿用局部红霉素眼膏（0.5%）治疗。所有新生儿均随访28天，观察临床结膜炎的发生情况。数据分析采用卡方检验。
结果
我们的数据表明初乳对新生儿结膜炎具有有益的预防作用（P = 0.036）。
结论
建议将初乳作为抗生素预防新生儿结膜炎的替代选择。由于初乳易于获取且无成本、无潜在危害和副作用，对其局部有益作用进行公众教育是值得的。
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