Imam T H
Department of Nephrology, Kaiser Permanente, 9961 Sierra Ave, Fontana, CA 92335, USA.
Indian J Nephrol. 2014 Jul;24(4):203-5. doi: 10.4103/0971-4065.133041.
Alcoholism is a major problem globally and beer drinking is on the rise. Many of the alcoholics sustain only on beer for days and do not get adequate solutes in the form of food. Similar situation can arise in cases of decreased food intake due to severe deliberate restriction or other factors like decreased appetite from cocaine. In these cases, salt free liquid intake may still be adequate. Such situations are conducive to the development of hyponatremia. Some of the solutes in diet, such as salt and protein, act as osmoles in urine. In these conditions, understanding the role played by solutes in diet and osmoles in urine is of vital importance for appropriate treatment of hyponatremia.
酗酒是一个全球性的主要问题，而且啤酒的消费量正在上升。许多酗酒者连续数天只靠啤酒维持，无法从食物中获取足够的溶质。在因严重的刻意节食或其他因素（如可卡因导致的食欲下降）而食物摄入量减少的情况下，也可能出现类似情况。在这些情况下，无盐液体的摄入量可能仍然充足。这种情况有利于低钠血症的发展。饮食中的一些溶质，如盐和蛋白质，在尿液中起到渗透溶质的作用。在这些情况下，了解饮食中的溶质和尿液中的渗透溶质所起的作用对于低钠血症的恰当治疗至关重要。
