Grounds Miranda D
School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology; University of Western Australia; Crawley, Australia.
Bioarchitecture. 2014;4(3):81-7. doi: 10.4161/bioa.29668. Epub 2014 Jul 28.
Age related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function (sarcopenia) reduces independence and the quality of life for individuals, and leads to falls and fractures with escalating health costs for the rapidly aging human population. Thus there is much interest in developing interventions to reduce sarcopenia. One area that has attracted recent attention is the proposed use of myogenic stem cells to improve regeneration of old muscles. This mini-review challenges the fundamental need for myogenic stem cell therapy for sarcopenia. It presents evidence that demonstrates the excellent capacity of myogenic stem cells from very old rodent and human muscles to form new muscles after experimental myofiber necrosis. The many factors required for successful muscle regeneration are considered with a strong focus on integration of components of old muscle bioarchitecture. The fundamental role of satellite cells in homeostasis of normal aging muscles and the incidence of endogenous regeneration in old muscles is questioned. These issues, combined with problems for clinical myogenic stem cell therapies for severe muscle diseases, raise fundamental concerns about the justification for myogenic stem cell therapy for sarcopenia.
与年龄相关的骨骼肌质量和功能丧失（肌肉减少症）会降低个体的独立性和生活质量，并导致跌倒和骨折，给快速老龄化的人口带来不断攀升的医疗成本。因此，人们对开发减少肌肉减少症的干预措施非常感兴趣。最近引起关注的一个领域是提议使用成肌干细胞来改善老年肌肉的再生。这篇小型综述对肌肉减少症成肌干细胞治疗的根本必要性提出了质疑。它提供的证据表明，来自非常年老的啮齿动物和人类肌肉的成肌干细胞在实验性肌纤维坏死后具有形成新肌肉的出色能力。我们考虑了成功肌肉再生所需的许多因素，重点关注老年肌肉生物结构成分的整合。卫星细胞在正常衰老肌肉稳态中的基本作用以及老年肌肉内源性再生的发生率受到质疑。这些问题，再加上严重肌肉疾病临床成肌干细胞治疗存在的问题，引发了对肌肉减少症成肌干细胞治疗合理性的根本担忧。
