Pozzi Gino, Bruschi Angelo, De Angelis Andrea, Pascucci Marco, Hatzigiakoumis Daniele Stavros, Grandinetti Paolo, Di Nicola Marco, Pini Stefano, Janiri Luigi
Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:680985. doi: 10.1155/2014/680985. Epub 2014 Jul 3.
Nowadays, adult separation anxiety disorder (ASAD) is an established diagnostic category but is little investigated in subjects with addictive behaviours.
To assess the presence of ASAD among patients with addictive disorders in comparison with anxiety patients and measure the personality correlates in all these groups.
103 outpatients, meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for anxiety disorders (38 patients), alcohol dependence (30 patients), or pathological gambling (35 patients), were assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for Separation Anxiety Symptoms (SCI-SAS) and the Adult Separation Anxiety Checklist (ASA-27) for separation anxiety and by the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R) for personality characteristics.
ASAD is detected in 34.2% of anxiety patients, 13.3% of alcoholics, and 11.4% of gamblers. Separation anxiety scores correlate positively with harm avoidance and negatively with self-directedness in all groups; further correlations are seen among addictive patients only, that is, self-transcendence for gamblers and cooperativeness for both alcoholics and gamblers.
The prevalence of ASAD is lower among addictive patients than in those with anxiety disorders; correlations are found between separation anxiety and specific TCI-R dimensions, with some matching across the three diagnostic groups.
如今，成人分离焦虑障碍（ASAD）是一个既定的诊断类别，但在成瘾行为患者中鲜有研究。
评估成瘾障碍患者中ASAD的存在情况，并与焦虑症患者进行比较，同时测量所有这些群体中的人格相关性。
对103名门诊患者进行评估，这些患者符合DSM-IV-TR焦虑症标准（38例）、酒精依赖标准（30例）或病态赌博标准（35例），采用分离焦虑症状结构化临床访谈（SCI-SAS）和成人分离焦虑检查表（ASA-27）评估分离焦虑，采用修订版气质与性格量表（TCI-R）评估人格特征。
在焦虑症患者中，34.2%检测出ASAD；在酗酒者中，13.3%检测出ASAD；在赌博者中，11.4%检测出ASAD。在所有群体中，分离焦虑得分与回避伤害呈正相关，与自我导向呈负相关；仅在成瘾患者中发现进一步的相关性，即赌博者的自我超越以及酗酒者和赌博者的合作性。
成瘾患者中ASAD的患病率低于焦虑症患者；分离焦虑与特定的TCI-R维度之间存在相关性，在三个诊断组中有一些匹配情况。
