Dolezal Andrea L, Shu Xiaomei, OBrian Gregory R, Nielsen Dahlia M, Woloshuk Charles P, Boston Rebecca S, Payne Gary A
Monsanto Company Waterman, IL, USA.
Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA.
Front Microbiol. 2014 Jul 31;5:384. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00384. eCollection 2014.
Maize kernels are susceptible to infection by the opportunistic pathogen Aspergillus flavus. Infection results in reduction of grain quality and contamination of kernels with the highly carcinogenic mycotoxin, aflatoxin. To understanding host response to infection by the fungus, transcription of approximately 9000 maize genes were monitored during the host-pathogen interaction with a custom designed Affymetrix GeneChip® DNA array. More than 4000 maize genes were found differentially expressed at a FDR of 0.05. This included the up regulation of defense related genes and signaling pathways. Transcriptional changes also were observed in primary metabolism genes. Starch biosynthetic genes were down regulated during infection, while genes encoding maize hydrolytic enzymes, presumably involved in the degradation of host reserves, were up regulated. These data indicate that infection of the maize kernel by A. flavus induced metabolic changes in the kernel, including the production of a defense response, as well as a disruption in kernel development.
玉米籽粒易受机会致病菌黄曲霉的感染。感染会导致谷物品质下降，并使籽粒被高致癌性霉菌毒素黄曲霉毒素污染。为了解宿主对真菌感染的反应，在宿主 - 病原体相互作用期间，使用定制设计的Affymetrix GeneChip® DNA阵列监测了约9000个玉米基因的转录情况。在错误发现率为0.05时，发现超过4000个玉米基因存在差异表达。这包括防御相关基因和信号通路的上调。在初级代谢基因中也观察到转录变化。感染期间淀粉生物合成基因被下调，而编码玉米水解酶的基因（可能参与宿主储备物质的降解）被上调。这些数据表明，黄曲霉对玉米籽粒的感染诱导了籽粒中的代谢变化，包括产生防御反应以及籽粒发育的中断。
