McCann Georgia A, Eisenhauer Eric L
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.
J Surg Oncol. 2015 Jan;111(1):118-24. doi: 10.1002/jso.23743. Epub 2014 Aug 20.
Cancer genomics has increased our recognition of specific hereditary cancer mutations. Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome and Lynch syndrome are two such entities in which women carrying specific mutations may be at high risk for developing breast, ovarian, and/or endometrial cancers. Risk reducing surgery such as prophylactic mastectomy, oophorectomy, and/or hysterectomy may allow women to decrease these risks after completing childbearing. Background, indications, and consequences of these procedures are reviewed.
癌症基因组学提高了我们对特定遗传性癌症突变的认识。遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌（HBOC）综合征以及林奇综合征就是这样的两种情况，携带特定突变的女性可能患乳腺癌、卵巢癌和/或子宫内膜癌的风险很高。诸如预防性乳房切除术、卵巢切除术和/或子宫切除术等降低风险的手术，可能使女性在完成生育后降低这些风险。本文对这些手术的背景、适应症和后果进行了综述。
