Sariaslani F S
Central Research and Development Department, E.I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 1989;9(3):171-257. doi: 10.3109/07388558909036736.
Enzymatic systems employed by microorganisms for oxidative transformation of various organic molecules include laccases, ligninases, tyrosinases, monooxygenases, and dioxygenases. Reactions performed by these enzymes play a significant role in maintaining the global carbon cycle through either transformation or complete mineralization of organic molecules. Additionally, oxidative enzymes are instrumental in modification or degradation of the ever-increasing man-made chemicals constantly released into our environment. Due to their inherent stereo- and regioselectivity and high efficiency, oxidative enzymes have attracted attention as potential biocatalysts for various biotechnological processes. Successful commercial application of these enzymes will be possible through employing new methodologies, such as use of organic solvents in the reaction mixtures, immobilization of either the intact microorganisms or isolated enzyme preparations on various supports, and genetic engineering technology.
微生物用于各种有机分子氧化转化的酶系统包括漆酶、木质素酶、酪氨酸酶、单加氧酶和双加氧酶。这些酶所进行的反应通过有机分子的转化或完全矿化在维持全球碳循环中发挥着重要作用。此外，氧化酶有助于对不断释放到我们环境中的日益增多的人造化学品进行改性或降解。由于其固有的立体和区域选择性以及高效率，氧化酶作为各种生物技术过程的潜在生物催化剂已受到关注。通过采用新方法，如在反应混合物中使用有机溶剂、将完整的微生物或分离的酶制剂固定在各种载体上以及基因工程技术，这些酶的成功商业应用将成为可能。
