Machtinger Ronit, Orvieto Raoul
Infertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Infertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Reprod Biomed Online. 2014 Oct;29(4):404-10. doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.06.013. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
Recent data have raised concerns about the detrimental effect of chronic exposure to environmental chemicals. Some chemicals affect the endocrine system (endocrine disruptors) and have been linked to several diseases, including infertility. One such endocrine disruptor is bisphenol A (BPA), a monomer widely used in the plastic industry, with nearly ubiquitous exposure. In this review, data on the effects of BPA on female fertility are summarized. Specifically, its effect is considered on folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation, embryo quality, and implantation, both in animal and human models. Animal studies have shown that BPA might impair prophase I, follicular growth, and implantation, and may be associated with spindle abnormalities. In humans, while in-vitro studies have suggested an association between BPA exposure and impaired oocyte meiosis, clinical evidence indicate possible adverse effects of BPA exposure on IVF outcomes. As human clinical data are still scarce, larger studies are required to further elucidate the effects of BPA exposure on female fertility.
近期数据引发了人们对长期接触环境化学物质的有害影响的担忧。一些化学物质会影响内分泌系统（内分泌干扰物），并与包括不孕症在内的多种疾病有关。双酚A（BPA）就是这样一种内分泌干扰物，它是塑料工业中广泛使用的一种单体，几乎无处不在。在这篇综述中，总结了双酚A对女性生育能力影响的数据。具体而言，在动物和人体模型中，考虑了其对卵泡发生、卵母细胞成熟、胚胎质量和着床的影响。动物研究表明，双酚A可能会损害减数分裂前期I、卵泡生长和着床，并可能与纺锤体异常有关。在人类中，虽然体外研究表明双酚A暴露与卵母细胞减数分裂受损之间存在关联，但临床证据表明双酚A暴露可能对体外受精结果产生不利影响。由于人类临床数据仍然稀少，需要开展更大规模的研究来进一步阐明双酚A暴露对女性生育能力的影响。
