de Morais Michele Greque, Vaz Bruna da Silva, de Morais Etiele Greque, Costa Jorge Alberto Vieira
Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemical, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, Avenida Itália, Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:762705. doi: 10.1155/2014/762705. Epub 2014 Jul 23.
Spirulina is produced from pure cultures of the photosynthetic prokaryotic cyanobacteria Arthrospira. For many years research centers throughout the world have studied its application in various scientific fields, especially in foods and medicine. The biomass produced from Spirulina cultivation contains a variety of biocompounds, including biopeptides, biopolymers, carbohydrates, essential fatty acids, minerals, oligoelements, and sterols. Some of these compounds are bioactive and have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and antifungal properties. These compounds can be used in tissue engineering, the interdisciplinary field that combines techniques from cell science, engineering, and materials science and which has grown in importance over the past few decades. Spirulina biomass can be used to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), biopolymers that can substitute synthetic polymers in the construction of engineered extracellular matrices (scaffolds) for use in tissue cultures or bioactive molecule construction. This review describes the development of nanostructured scaffolds based on biopolymers extracted from microalgae and biomass from Spirulina production. These scaffolds have the potential to encourage cell growth while reducing the risk of organ or tissue rejection.
螺旋藻是由光合原核蓝细菌节旋藻的纯培养物生产而来。多年来，世界各地的研究中心都在研究其在各个科学领域的应用，尤其是在食品和医学领域。螺旋藻培养产生的生物质含有多种生物化合物，包括生物肽、生物聚合物、碳水化合物、必需脂肪酸、矿物质、微量元素和甾醇。其中一些化合物具有生物活性，具有抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化和抗真菌特性。这些化合物可用于组织工程，这是一个跨学科领域，结合了细胞科学、工程学和材料科学的技术，并且在过去几十年中变得越来越重要。螺旋藻生物质可用于生产聚羟基脂肪酸酯（PHA），这种生物聚合物可在构建用于组织培养或生物活性分子构建的工程化细胞外基质（支架）时替代合成聚合物。本综述描述了基于从微藻中提取的生物聚合物和螺旋藻生产的生物质的纳米结构支架的发展。这些支架有可能促进细胞生长，同时降低器官或组织排斥的风险。
