Braithwaite R L, Murphy F, Lythcott N, Blumenthal D S
Health Educ. 1989 Dec;20(5):56-60.
The community organization and development process is not new and has its roots in social action ideology from the 1960s. The difference between the 1960s and the 1990s is in bringing together of target community consumers with representatives of private and public sector resources (with consumers in the majority), to form a community coalition board. This community coalition board must make policy decisions. Combining these community organizers and development techniques with the mission of health promotion is a viable methodology for addressing the needs of medically underserved and unserved communities. The approach is a multifactorial one, as illustrated in Figure 1. The Health Promotion Resource Center at Morehouse School of Medicine seeks to combine the ideology of community organization and development with culturally sensitive and linguistically appropriate health promotion curriculum materials and intervention strategies. Within the HPRC lies the Statewide Coordinating Center for Georgia which has been funded by the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. Its mandate is to assist minority and poor communities in Georgia in developing community-based health promotion initiatives which address the areas of cancer, cardiovascular disease, adolescent pregnancy, substance abuse, and violence and unintentional injury. Our strategy in carrying out this mandate is the community organization and development model described in this article.
社区组织与发展过程并非新鲜事物，其根源可追溯到20世纪60年代的社会行动理念。20世纪60年代与90年代的不同之处在于，将目标社区消费者与私营和公共部门资源代表（消费者占多数）聚集在一起，形成一个社区联盟委员会。这个社区联盟委员会必须做出政策决策。将这些社区组织者和发展技巧与健康促进使命相结合，是满足医疗服务不足和未得到服务社区需求的一种可行方法。如图1所示，该方法是多因素的。莫尔豪斯医学院的健康促进资源中心试图将社区组织与发展理念与文化敏感且语言适宜的健康促进课程材料及干预策略相结合。在健康促进资源中心内部设有佐治亚州全州协调中心，该中心由亨利·J·凯泽家庭基金会提供资金。其任务是协助佐治亚州的少数族裔和贫困社区开展基于社区的健康促进倡议，这些倡议涉及癌症、心血管疾病、青少年怀孕、药物滥用、暴力和意外伤害等领域。我们执行这项任务的策略就是本文所描述的社区组织与发展模式。
