Pillans Richard D, Bearham Douglas, Boomer Andrew, Downie Ryan A, Patterson Toby A, Thomson Damian P, Babcock Russel C
CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Floreat, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
PLoS One. 2014 Sep 2;9(9):e105507. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105507. eCollection 2014.
Off the Ningaloo coast of North West Western Australia, Spangled Emperor Lethrinus nebulosus are among the most highly targeted recreational fish species. The Ningaloo Reef Marine Park comprises an area of 4,566 km2 of which 34% is protected from fishing by 18 no-take sanctuary zones ranging in size from 0.08-44.8 km2. To better understand Spangled Emperor movements and the adequacy of sanctuary zones within the Ningaloo Reef Marine Park for this species, 84 Spangled Emperor of a broad spectrum of maturity and sex were tagged using internal acoustic tags in a range of lagoon and reef slope habitats both inside and adjacent to the Mangrove Bay Sanctuary zone. Kernel Utilisation Distribution (KUD) was calculated for 39 resident individuals that were detected for more than 30 days. There was no relationship with fish size and movement or site fidelity. Average home range (95% KUD) for residents was 8.5±0.5 km2 compared to average sanctuary zone size of 30 km2. Calculated home range was stable over time resulting in resident animals tagged inside the sanctuary zone spending ∼80% of time within the sanctuary boundaries. The number of fish remaining within the array of receivers declined steadily over time and after one year more than 60% of tagged fish had moved outside the sanctuary zone and also beyond the 28 km2 array of receivers. Long term monitoring identified the importance of shifting home range and was essential for understanding overall residency within protected areas and also for identifying spawning related movements. This study indicates that despite exhibiting stable and small home ranges over periods of one to two years, more than half the population of spangled emperor move at scales greater than average sanctuary size within the Ningaloo Reef Marine Park.
在澳大利亚西澳大利亚州西北部的宁格鲁海岸外，星斑裸颊鲷是最受追捧的休闲垂钓鱼类之一。宁格鲁珊瑚礁海洋公园面积达4566平方公里，其中34%受到保护，设有18个禁捕保护区，面积从0.08平方公里到44.8平方公里不等。为了更好地了解星斑裸颊鲷的活动情况以及宁格鲁珊瑚礁海洋公园内保护区对该物种的保护是否足够，研究人员在红树林湾保护区内外的一系列泻湖和礁坡栖息地，使用内部声学标签标记了84条不同成熟度和性别的星斑裸颊鲷。对39条被监测超过30天的常驻个体计算了核利用分布（KUD）。鱼类大小与活动或地点忠诚度之间没有关系。常驻个体的平均家域（95%KUD）为8.5±0.5平方公里，而保护区的平均面积为30平方公里。计算出的家域随时间保持稳定，这使得在保护区内标记的常驻动物有大约80%的时间在保护区边界内度过。随着时间的推移，接收器阵列中剩余的鱼的数量稳步下降，一年后，超过60%的标记鱼已移出保护区，也超出了28平方公里的接收器阵列范围。长期监测确定了家域转移的重要性，这对于理解保护区内的总体居留情况以及识别与产卵相关的活动至关重要。这项研究表明，尽管星斑裸颊鲷在一到两年的时间内表现出稳定且较小的家域，但宁格鲁珊瑚礁海洋公园内超过一半的星斑裸颊鲷种群的活动范围超过了保护区的平均大小。
