Yu An-Yong, Xu Quan-Hong, Hu Sheng-Li, Li Fei, Chen Yu-Jie, Yin Yi, Zhu Gang, Lin Jiang-Kai, Feng Hua
aDepartment of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing bThe 41 Hospital of PLA, Tibet, People's Republic of China.
Neuroreport. 2014 Nov 12;25(16):1272-80. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000259.
To establish a rat model of an open craniocerebral injury at simulated high altitude and to examine the characteristics of this model. Rats were divided randomly into a normobaric group and a high-altitude group and their corresponding control groups. A rat model of an open craniocerebral injury was established with a nail gun shot. Simulated high-altitude conditions were established with a hypobaric chamber at 0.6 ATA to mimic pressure at an altitude of 4000 m. Mortality, brain water content (BWC), Evans blue content, pathology, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), partial pressure of brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2), and brainstem auditory-evoked potential were observed after injury. The mortality of the high-altitude group was significantly greater than that of the normobaric group within 72 h after injury (P<0.05). BWC and Evans blue content increased by 48 h after injury (P<0.05); pathological changes in damaged brains were more serious. In contrast, rCBF and PbtO2 had decreased markedly by 72 h (P<0.01); brainstem auditory-evoked potential values were significantly prolonged (P<0.05). Moreover, an inverse correlation between rCBF and BWC and a positive correlation between rCBF and PbtO2 were found. The rat model of an open craniocerebral injury at simulated high altitude can be established successfully using a nail gun shot and a hypobaric chamber. The injury characteristics at high altitude were more serious, rapid, and prolonged than those in the normobaric group.
建立模拟高原环境下大鼠开放性颅脑损伤模型并观察其特点。将大鼠随机分为常氧组和高原组及其相应的对照组。采用气枪射击建立大鼠开放性颅脑损伤模型。使用低压舱将环境模拟为0.6 ATA，以模拟海拔4000 m处的气压，从而营造模拟高原环境。观察伤后大鼠的死亡率、脑含水量（BWC）、伊文思蓝含量、病理学改变、局部脑血流量（rCBF）、脑组织氧分压（PbtO2）及脑干听觉诱发电位。伤后72 h内，高原组大鼠死亡率显著高于常氧组（P<0.05）。伤后48 h脑含水量和伊文思蓝含量增加（P<0.05）；受损脑组织的病理改变更严重。相比之下，伤后72 h时rCBF和PbtO2显著降低（P<0.01）；脑干听觉诱发电位值显著延长（P<0.05）。此外，还发现rCBF与BWC呈负相关，rCBF与PbtO2呈正相关。利用气枪射击和低压舱可成功建立模拟高原环境下大鼠开放性颅脑损伤模型。与常氧组相比，高原环境下的损伤特点更严重、发展更快且持续时间更长。
