Tarro Lucia, Llauradó Elisabet, Moriña David, Solà Rosa, Giralt Montserrat
Health Education and Promotion, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS) - TECNIO - URV-CEICS, Reus, Spain; Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
J Adolesc Health. 2014 Dec;55(6):782-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.06.020. Epub 2014 Sep 3.
The Educació en Alimentació (EdAl) program conducted over 28 months in primary school children reduced obesity (OB) prevalence in boys and increased voluntary physical activity (PA). The continued benefit after cessation of EdAl is unknown. We assessed the changes in OB prevalence and healthy lifestyle in 11- to 13-year-old adolescents, the age group that had complete inclusion data available 2 years after the EdAl program's conclusion.
Adolescents (n = 421 intervention; n = 198 control) with data at baseline and 2-year follow-up were recruited. Analyses included body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score, and lifestyle data (from questionnaires).
Between baseline and 2-year follow-up, OB prevalence was reduced (-5.5%; p < .01) and BMI z-score (-.29; p < .001) in intervention compared with control group. BMI z-score was effectively reduced in intervention in both genders: -.26 units in boys and -.32 units in girls, compared with control group. The ≥4 hours/week after-school PA was increased significantly by 13.1% in adolescents of intervention group compared with control group (p = .023); a tendency toward increased PA in intervention girls was observed (p = .062). At 2-year follow-up, participating in ≥4 hours/week after-school PA (odds ratio, .240; p = .002) and daily fruit consumption (odds ratio, .447; p = .025) were protective factors against OB, whereas ≤2 hours/week after-school PA was a risk factor for OB.
At 2-year follow-up, the EdAl program induced a lowering of BMI z-score and OB prevalence, compared with control group. After-school PA practice can be stimulated in primary school as part of a healthy lifestyle and maintained subsequently despite cessation of the intervention program.
在小学生中开展的为期28个月的“营养教育”（EdAl）项目降低了男孩的肥胖（OB）患病率，并增加了他们的自愿身体活动（PA）。EdAl项目停止后是否仍有持续益处尚不清楚。我们评估了11至13岁青少年（该年龄组在EdAl项目结束2年后有完整的纳入数据）的OB患病率和健康生活方式的变化。
招募了在基线和2年随访时有数据的青少年（干预组n = 421；对照组n = 198）。分析包括体重指数（BMI）、BMI z评分和生活方式数据（来自问卷）。
与对照组相比，在基线和2年随访期间，干预组的OB患病率降低（-5.5%；p <.01），BMI z评分降低（-.29；p <.001）。干预组中，男女的BMI z评分均有效降低：与对照组相比，男孩降低了-.26个单位，女孩降低了-.32个单位。与对照组相比，干预组青少年每周课后体育活动≥4小时的比例显著增加了13.1%（p =.023）；观察到干预组女孩的体育活动有增加的趋势（p =.062）。在2年随访时，每周课后体育活动≥4小时（优势比，.240；p =.002）和每天食用水果（优势比，.447；p =.025）是预防OB的保护因素，而每周课后体育活动≤2小时是OB的危险因素。
在2年随访时，与对照组相比，EdAl项目导致BMI z评分和OB患病率降低。作为健康生活方式的一部分，小学阶段可以鼓励课后进行体育活动，并且即使干预项目停止后也能持续保持。
