Adam Martin, Schikowski Tamara, Carsin Anne Elie, Cai Yutong, Jacquemin Benedicte, Sanchez Margaux, Vierkötter Andrea, Marcon Alessandro, Keidel Dirk, Sugiri Dorothee, Al Kanani Zaina, Nadif Rachel, Siroux Valérie, Hardy Rebecca, Kuh Diana, Rochat Thierry, Bridevaux Pierre-Olivier, Eeftens Marloes, Tsai Ming-Yi, Villani Simona, Phuleria Harish Chandra, Birk Matthias, Cyrys Josef, Cirach Marta, de Nazelle Audrey, Nieuwenhuijsen Mark J, Forsberg Bertil, de Hoogh Kees, Declerq Christophe, Bono Roberto, Piccioni Pavilio, Quass Ulrich, Heinrich Joachim, Jarvis Deborah, Pin Isabelle, Beelen Rob, Hoek Gerard, Brunekreef Bert, Schindler Christian, Sunyer Jordi, Krämer Ursula, Kauffmann Francine, Hansell Anna L, Künzli Nino, Probst-Hensch Nicole
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel University of Basel, Basel These authors contributed equally.
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel University of Basel, Basel Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Düsseldorf These authors contributed equally.
Eur Respir J. 2015 Jan;45(1):38-50. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00130014. Epub 2014 Sep 5.
The chronic impact of ambient air pollutants on lung function in adults is not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution with lung function in adult participants from five cohorts in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). Residential exposure to nitrogen oxides (NO₂, NOx) and particulate matter (PM) was modelled and traffic indicators were assessed in a standardised manner. The spirometric parameters forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) and forced vital capacity (FVC) from 7613 subjects were considered as outcomes. Cohort-specific results were combined using meta-analysis. We did not observe an association of air pollution with longitudinal change in lung function, but we observed that a 10 μg·m(-3) increase in NO₂ exposure was associated with lower levels of FEV₁ (-14.0 mL, 95% CI -25.8 to -2.1) and FVC (-14.9 mL, 95% CI -28.7 to -1.1). An increase of 10 μg·m(-3) in PM10, but not other PM metrics (PM2.5, coarse fraction of PM, PM absorbance), was associated with a lower level of FEV₁ (-44.6 mL, 95% CI -85.4 to -3.8) and FVC (-59.0 mL, 95% CI -112.3 to -5.6). The associations were particularly strong in obese persons. This study adds to the evidence for an adverse association of ambient air pollution with lung function in adults at very low levels in Europe.
环境空气污染物对成年人肺功能的慢性影响尚未完全明确。本研究的目的是在欧洲空气污染影响队列研究（ESCAPE）的五个队列中，调查成年参与者长期暴露于环境空气污染与肺功能之间的关联。对住宅暴露于氮氧化物（NO₂、NOx）和颗粒物（PM）的情况进行了建模，并以标准化方式评估了交通指标。将7613名受试者的肺活量测定参数1秒用力呼气量（FEV₁）和用力肺活量（FVC）作为研究结果。采用荟萃分析合并特定队列的结果。我们未观察到空气污染与肺功能的纵向变化之间存在关联，但我们观察到，NO₂暴露量每增加10μg·m⁻³，FEV₁水平降低（-14.0 mL，95%CI -25.8至-2.1），FVC水平降低（-14.9 mL，95%CI -28.7至-1.1）。PM10增加10μg·m⁻³（而非其他PM指标，如PM2.5、PM粗颗粒部分、PM吸光度）与FEV₁水平降低（-44.6 mL，95%CI -85.4至-3.8）和FVC水平降低（-59.0 mL，95%CI -112.3至-5.6）相关。这些关联在肥胖人群中尤为明显。本研究为欧洲极低水平环境空气污染与成年人肺功能之间的不良关联提供了更多证据。
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