School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, United Kingdom.
Conserv Biol. 2015 Apr;29(2):370-81. doi: 10.1111/cobi.12390. Epub 2014 Sep 5.
Ex situ conservation efforts such as those of zoos, botanical gardens, and seed banks will form a vital complement to in situ conservation actions over the coming decades. It is therefore necessary to pay the same attention to the biological diversity represented in ex situ conservation facilities as is often paid to protected-area networks. Building the phylogenetic diversity of ex situ collections will strengthen our capacity to respond to biodiversity loss. Since 2000, the Millennium Seed Bank Partnership has banked seed from 14% of the world's plant species. We assessed the taxonomic, geographic, and phylogenetic diversity of the Millennium Seed Bank collection of legumes (Leguminosae). We compared the collection with all known legume genera, their known geographic range (at country and regional levels), and a genus-level phylogeny of the legume family constructed for this study. Over half the phylogenetic diversity of legumes at the genus level was represented in the Millennium Seed Bank. However, pragmatic prioritization of species of economic importance and endangerment has led to the banking of a less-than-optimal phylogenetic diversity and prioritization of range-restricted species risks an underdispersed collection. The current state of the phylogenetic diversity of legumes in the Millennium Seed Bank could be substantially improved through the strategic banking of relatively few additional taxa. Our method draws on tools that are widely applied to in situ conservation planning, and it can be used to evaluate and improve the phylogenetic diversity of ex situ collections.
原地保护措施（如动物园、植物园和种子库）将在未来几十年内成为原地保护行动的重要补充。因此，有必要像经常关注保护区网络一样，关注原地保护设施中所代表的生物多样性。构建原地收集物的系统发育多样性将增强我们应对生物多样性丧失的能力。自 2000 年以来，千年种子库伙伴关系已经储存了世界上 14%的植物物种的种子。我们评估了千年种子库中豆科植物（豆科）的分类学、地理和系统发育多样性。我们将该集合与所有已知的豆科属、它们已知的地理范围（在国家和地区一级）以及为这项研究构建的豆科属系统发育进行了比较。在属级水平上，豆科植物的一半以上的系统发育多样性在千年种子库中得到了代表。然而，出于经济重要性和濒危物种的实际优先考虑，导致了储存的系统发育多样性不理想，并且优先考虑范围受限的物种会导致收集的分散程度不足。通过战略性地储存相对较少的额外分类群，可以大大提高千年种子库中豆科植物的系统发育多样性。我们的方法借鉴了广泛应用于原地保护规划的工具，并且可以用于评估和改善原地收集物的系统发育多样性。
