安慰剂对精神运动表现和工作记忆能力的影响：随机单盲交叉试验。
The placebo effect on psychomotor performance and working memory capacity: randomized single blind cross-over trial.
作者信息
Ashor Ammar W
机构信息
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, PO Box 14132, Baghdad, IRAQ.
出版信息
Ann Neurosci. 2011 Oct;18(4):141-4. doi: 10.5214/ans.0972.7531.1118403.
BACKGROUND
Imaging studies show that placebo enhance release of dopamine in the mesolimbic and mesocortical tracts. Dopamine in these areas are involved in attention and working memory function.
PURPOSE
We wanted to investigating the effect of placebo on psychomotor function and working memory capacity.
METHOD
31 medical students participated in this single blind, crossover trial. Choice reaction time, critical flicker fusion threshold, n-back working memory tasks measured before and after one hour of the students receiving placebo in three different occasions as stimulant, unknown, and inert substance.
RESULTS
Placebo, as stimulant, significantly enhanced choice reaction time and working memory function (P < 0.05) while showed no significant effect on critical flicker fusion threshold (P > 0.05). Placebo as unknown significantly deteriorates working memory capacity (P < 0.05). Placebo as inert substance shows no significant changes regarding choice reaction time, critical flicker fusion threshold, and working memory task.
CONCLUSION
Placebo, as stimulant enhanced attention and improved working memory capacity, while as unknown may deteriorate working memory function.
背景
影像学研究显示，安慰剂可增强中脑边缘和中脑皮质通路中多巴胺的释放。这些区域的多巴胺参与注意力和工作记忆功能。
目的
我们想研究安慰剂对精神运动功能和工作记忆能力的影响。
方法
31名医科学生参与了这项单盲交叉试验。在学生分别接受安慰剂作为兴奋剂、未知物质和惰性物质的三种不同情况下，在一小时前后测量选择反应时间、临界闪烁融合阈值、n-back工作记忆任务。
结果
安慰剂作为兴奋剂时，显著提高了选择反应时间和工作记忆功能（P < 0.05），而对临界闪烁融合阈值无显著影响（P > 0.05）。安慰剂作为未知物质时，显著降低了工作记忆能力（P < 0.05）。安慰剂作为惰性物质时，在选择反应时间、临界闪烁融合阈值和工作记忆任务方面无显著变化。
结论
安慰剂作为兴奋剂可增强注意力并改善工作记忆能力，而作为未知物质时可能会损害工作记忆功能。
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