Schnettler Berta, Miranda Horacio, Sepúlveda José, Orellana Ligia, Etchebarne Soledad, Lobos Germán, Mora Marcos, Denegri Marianela, Grunert Klaus G
Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales. Universidad de La Frontera. Temuco. Chile..
Centro de Psicología Económica y del Consumo. Universidad de La Frontera. Temuco. Chile..
Nutr Hosp. 2014 Aug 1;30(2):453-61. doi: 10.3305/nh.2014.30.2.7561.
To characterize university students typologies according to chronic food restriction, satisfaction with life and food consumption.
A questionnaire was applied on a non-probability sample of 369 male and female students from five Chilean universities. The questionnaire included: Revised Restraint Scale (RRS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Satisfaction with Food-related Life (SWFL) and the Health-related Quality of Life Index. The survey included food and drink consumption habits, weight and approximate height and sociodemographic variables.
Two factors in the RRS were detected by exploratory factor analysis: Preoccupation with Diet (PD) and Weight fluctuations (WF). A confirmatory factor analysis validated the bifactor structure of the RRS with an acceptable adjustment kindness. The cluster analysis allowed a distinction of four typologies with a significant variation in PD, WF, SWLS and SWFL scoring, number of days with mental health problems, frequency of alcoholic drinks consumption, restraint on the consumption of certain foods, drinks and spices, consumption frequency of fruit out of the main meals and types. Typologies did not differ on their body mass index.
Both, students preoccupied with diet and those who are not, experience higher levels of satisfaction with life and with food. Lower levels of global life satisfaction and satisfaction with food are related with the fluctuations in weight.
根据长期食物限制、生活满意度和食物消费情况对大学生类型进行特征描述。
对来自智利五所大学的369名男女学生的非概率样本进行问卷调查。问卷包括：修订后的克制量表（RRS）、生活满意度量表（SWLS）、与食物相关生活的满意度（SWFL）以及与健康相关的生活质量指数。调查内容包括食物和饮料消费习惯、体重和大致身高以及社会人口统计学变量。
通过探索性因素分析在RRS中检测到两个因素：对饮食的关注（PD）和体重波动（WF）。验证性因素分析以可接受的拟合优度验证了RRS的双因素结构。聚类分析区分出四种类型，在PD、WF、SWLS和SWFL评分、出现心理健康问题的天数、酒精饮料消费频率、对某些食物、饮料和香料的消费限制、正餐之外水果的消费频率和类型方面存在显著差异。各类型在体重指数上没有差异。
无论是关注饮食的学生还是不关注饮食的学生，对生活和食物的满意度都较高。总体生活满意度和对食物的满意度较低与体重波动有关。
