Barrero A, Chaverri D, Erola P, Iglesias X, Rodríguez F A
Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), Universitat de Barcelona, INEFC-Barcelona Sports Sciences Research Group Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Departament d'Enginyeria Informàtica i Matemàtiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
Int J Sports Med. 2014 Dec;35(14):1170-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1374601. Epub 2014 Sep 11.
We examined the heart rate (HR)-based intensity profile during an ultra-endurance triathlon (UET) estimated from the individual HR-oxygen uptake (˙VO2) relationship during specific graded tests, relating it to race performance. 9 male ultra-endurance triathletes completed the study. Before racing, subjects performed graded exercise tests involving cycle (C) ergometry, treadmill running (R) and free swimming (S) for peak ˙VO2 and HR at ventilatory thresholds (VT). Exercise-specific HR-˙VO2 regression equations were developed. Mean race HR was higher during S (149.2 (10.1) bpm) than during C (137.1 (5.7) bpm) and R (136.2 (10.5) bpm). During C and R, HR was below both VT (11% and 27-28%). HR differences between S and C correlated with C, R and final times. The greatest differences between S and C were related to the worst times in the next stages. These ultra-endurance triathletes performed S at a higher relative intensity, which was inversely correlated with performance in the following stages. The best predictors of final racing time (81%) were weight-adjusted ˙VO2max and HR difference between C and S. A more adequate characterization of the time pattern during the whole race, especially during S, adds new information concerning the intensity profile and cardiovascular demands of an UET race.
我们研究了在超级耐力三项赛（UET）期间基于心率（HR）的强度分布情况，该强度分布是根据特定分级测试期间个体心率与摄氧量（˙VO2）的关系估算得出的，并将其与比赛成绩相关联。9名男性超级耐力三项运动员完成了这项研究。在比赛前，受试者进行了分级运动测试，包括自行车（C）测力计测试、跑步机跑步（R）和自由泳（S），以测定通气阈值（VT）时的峰值˙VO2和心率。建立了特定运动的心率-˙VO2回归方程。比赛期间，游泳（S）时的平均心率（149.2（10.1）次/分钟）高于自行车（C）时（137.1（5.7）次/分钟）和跑步（R）时（136.2（10.5）次/分钟）。在自行车和跑步过程中，心率均低于两个通气阈值（分别低11%和27 - 28%）。游泳和自行车时的心率差异与自行车、跑步成绩及总用时相关。游泳和自行车时的最大心率差异与下一阶段的最差成绩相关。这些超级耐力三项运动员在游泳时的相对强度更高，这与后续阶段的成绩呈负相关。最终比赛时间的最佳预测指标（81%）是体重校正后的˙VO2max以及自行车和游泳之间的心率差异。对整个比赛期间，尤其是游泳期间的时间模式进行更充分的描述，为超级耐力三项赛的强度分布和心血管需求增添了新信息。
