西班牙语-英语双语儿童的不流畅言语：口吃鉴别诊断的考量
The disfluent speech of bilingual spanish-english children: considerations for differential diagnosis of stuttering.
作者信息
Byrd Courtney T, Bedore Lisa M, Ramos Daniel
出版信息
Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch. 2015 Jan;46(1):30-43. doi: 10.1044/2014_LSHSS-14-0010.
PURPOSE
The primary purpose of this study was to describe the frequency and types of speech disfluencies that are produced by bilingual Spanish-English (SE) speaking children who do not stutter. The secondary purpose was to determine whether their disfluent speech is mediated by language dominance and/or language produced.
METHOD
Spanish and English narratives (a retell and a tell in each language) were elicited and analyzed relative to the frequency and types of speech disfluencies produced. These data were compared with the monolingual English-speaking guidelines for differential diagnosis of stuttering.
RESULTS
The mean frequency of stuttering-like speech behaviors in the bilingual SE participants ranged from 3% to 22%, exceeding the monolingual English standard of 3 per 100 words. There was no significant frequency difference in stuttering-like or non-stuttering-like speech disfluency produced relative to the child's language dominance. There was a significant difference relative to the language the child was speaking; all children produced significantly more stuttering-like speech disfluencies in Spanish than in English.
CONCLUSION
Results demonstrate that the disfluent speech of bilingual SE children should be carefully considered relative to the complex nature of bilingualism.
目的
本研究的主要目的是描述不口吃的西班牙语 - 英语（SE）双语儿童产生的言语不流畅的频率和类型。次要目的是确定他们的不流畅言语是否由语言优势和/或所使用的语言介导。
方法
引出并分析西班牙语和英语的叙述（每种语言各一个复述和一个讲述），以了解产生的言语不流畅的频率和类型。将这些数据与单语英语儿童口吃鉴别诊断指南进行比较。
结果
双语SE参与者中类似口吃的言语行为的平均频率在3%至22%之间，超过了单语英语每100个单词3次的标准。相对于儿童的语言优势，产生的类似口吃或非类似口吃的言语不流畅在频率上没有显著差异。相对于儿童所讲的语言存在显著差异；所有儿童在西班牙语中产生的类似口吃的言语不流畅明显多于英语。
结论
结果表明，鉴于双语的复杂性，应仔细考虑双语SE儿童的不流畅言语。
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