Meiran Nachshon, Pereg Maayan, Kessler Yoav, Cole Michael W, Braver Todd S
Department of Psychology and Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel,
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2015 Jun;15(2):365-73. doi: 10.3758/s13415-014-0321-8.
Previous behavioral and electrophysiological evidence has suggested that the instructions for a new choice task are processed even when they are not currently required, indicating intention-based reflexivity. Yet these demonstrations were found in experiments in which participants were set to execute a response (go). In the present experiment, we asked whether intention-based reflexivity would also be observed under unfavorable conditions in which participants were set not to respond (no-go). In each miniblock of our paradigm, participants received instructions for a task in which two new stimuli were mapped to right/left keys. Immediately after the instructions, a no-go phase began, which was immediately followed by a go phase. We found a significant stimulus-locked lateralized readiness potential in the first no-go trial, indicating reflexive operation of the new instructions. These results show that representing instructions in working memory provides sufficient conditions for stimuli to launch task processing, proceeding all the way until motor response-specific brain activation, which takes place even under unfavorable, no-go conditions.
先前的行为和电生理证据表明，即使新选择任务的指令当前并不需要，它们也会被处理，这表明了基于意图的自反性。然而，这些证明是在参与者被设定为执行反应（执行）的实验中发现的。在本实验中，我们询问在参与者被设定为不做出反应（不执行）的不利条件下，是否也会观察到基于意图的自反性。在我们范式的每个小单元中，参与者会收到一项任务的指令，其中两个新刺激被映射到右/左键。指令之后，立即开始一个不执行阶段，紧接着是一个执行阶段。我们在第一次不执行试验中发现了显著的刺激锁定侧化准备电位，表明新指令的自反性操作。这些结果表明，在工作记忆中表征指令为刺激启动任务处理提供了充分条件，一直持续到运动反应特异性脑激活，即使在不利的不执行条件下也会发生。
