Barnett Rachel Y, Baker Daniel D, Kelly Nancy E, McGuire Calvin E, Fassette Timothy C, Gorniak Jan M
Franklin County Coroner's Office, 520 King Avenue Columbus, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
Franklin County Coroner's Office, 520 King Avenue Columbus, Columbus, OH 43201, USA.
J Anal Toxicol. 2014 Oct;38(8):589-91. doi: 10.1093/jat/bku087.
Designer drugs appear to be increasing in popularity because of the ease of obtaining these constituents, the lack of ability to identify the substance(s) in routine drug screening, the appeal of the drug(s) being 'safe' due to them being marketed as a 'legal high' and possibly due to stronger restrictions that are being placed on prescription drugs. As components of designer drugs are identified and regulated by the DEA, new constituents, or analogs, of these designer drugs are being manufactured to circumvent legislation. 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine (DOC) is a substituted alpha-methylated phenethylamine and acts as a selective serotonin receptor partial agonist. There is limited literature on this particular compound and no literature that attributes death to use of this drug alone. We present a case of a 37-year-old male found at home lying face down next to a book titled 'Psychedelic Chemistry' by Michael Valentine Smith and in the early stages of decomposition. The decedent was a known methamphetamine abuser. A peripheral blood sample collected at autopsy was sent to toxicology for routine analysis. Results yielded negative for the drugs of abuse classes on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay screen but was positive for DOC during routine GC-MS analysis. A urine sample collected at autopsy was subjected to a routine urine liquid/liquid analysis via GC-MS, and the specimen was positive for DOC. Quantification analyses showed DOC concentration levels to be 377 ng/mL in iliac blood; 3,193 ng/mL in urine; 3,143 ng/g in liver and 683 ng/g in brain. DOC was not detected in the gastric contents. Caffeine was the only other compound detected in blood and urine. Due to the lack of literature, we believe that this is the first case where death can be attributed to DOC alone.
由于获取这些成分较为容易、常规药物筛查中无法识别这些物质、这些药物作为“合法兴奋剂”进行销售而具有“安全”的吸引力，以及可能由于对处方药实施了更严格的限制，设计药物的受欢迎程度似乎在不断上升。随着设计药物的成分被美国缉毒局识别和监管，这些设计药物的新成分或类似物正在被制造出来以规避立法。2,5 - 二甲氧基 - 4 - 氯苯丙胺（DOC）是一种取代的α - 甲基化苯乙胺，作为一种选择性5 - 羟色胺受体部分激动剂发挥作用。关于这种特定化合物的文献有限，且没有文献将死亡单独归因于使用这种药物。我们报告一例37岁男性的案例，该男性被发现在家中脸朝下躺在一本名为《迷幻化学》（作者迈克尔·瓦伦丁·史密斯）的书旁边，处于早期腐烂阶段。死者是已知的甲基苯丙胺滥用者。尸检时采集的外周血样本被送去进行毒理学常规分析。酶联免疫吸附测定筛查结果显示滥用药物类别呈阴性，但常规气相色谱 - 质谱分析时DOC呈阳性。尸检时采集的尿液样本通过气相色谱 - 质谱进行常规尿液液 - 液分析，该样本中DOC呈阳性。定量分析显示，髂血中DOC浓度水平为377纳克/毫升；尿液中为3193纳克/毫升；肝脏中为3143纳克/克；大脑中为683纳克/克。胃内容物中未检测到DOC。咖啡因是在血液和尿液中检测到的唯一其他化合物。由于缺乏相关文献，我们认为这是首例可单独归因于DOC导致死亡的案例。
