Thow Anne Marie, Snowdon Wendy, Labonté Ronald, Gleeson Deborah, Stuckler David, Hattersley Libby, Schram Ashley, Kay Adrian, Friel Sharon
University of Sydney, Menzies Centre for Health Policy, Victor Coppleson Building (D02), Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia.
Fiji National University, Samabula, Fiji(1).
Health Policy. 2015 Jan;119(1):88-96. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2014.08.002. Epub 2014 Aug 20.
The Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA) is one of a new generation of 'deep' preferential trade and investment agreements that will extend many of the provisions seen in previous agreements. This paper presents a prospective policy analysis of the likely text of the TPPA, with reference to nutrition policy space. Specifically, we analyse how the TPPA may constrain governments' policy space to implement the 'policy options for promoting a healthy diet' in the World Health Organization's Global Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) 2013-2020. This policy analysis suggests that if certain binding commitments are made under the TPPA, they could constrain the ability of governments to protect nutrition policy from the influence of vested interests, reduce the range of interventions available to actively discourage consumption of less healthy food (and to promote healthy food) and limit governments' capacity to implement these interventions, and reduce resources available for nutrition education initiatives. There is scope to protect policy space by including specific exclusions and/or exceptions during negotiation of trade and investment agreements like the TPPA, and by strengthening global health frameworks for nutrition to enable them to be used as reference during disputes in trade fora.
《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》（TPPA）是新一代“深度”优惠贸易和投资协定之一，它将扩展先前协定中的许多条款。本文结合营养政策空间，对TPPA可能的文本进行前瞻性政策分析。具体而言，我们分析了TPPA可能如何限制各国政府实施世界卫生组织《2013 - 2020年预防和控制非传染性疾病全球行动计划》中“促进健康饮食的政策选项”的政策空间。这一政策分析表明，如果在TPPA下做出某些具有约束力的承诺，可能会限制各国政府保护营养政策免受既得利益影响的能力，减少可用于积极劝阻不健康食品消费（以及促进健康食品消费）的干预措施范围，限制各国政府实施这些干预措施的能力，并减少营养教育倡议可用的资源。在诸如TPPA这样的贸易和投资协定谈判过程中，通过纳入特定的排除条款和/或例外情况，以及加强全球营养健康框架，使其能够在贸易论坛争端中用作参考，从而有空间保护政策空间。
