Karasawa Takatoshi, Lombroso Paul J
Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Aichi 480-0392, Japan.
Departments of Neurobiology, Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Neurosci Res. 2014 Dec;89:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2014.08.018. Epub 2014 Sep 10.
Striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase (STEP) is a brain-specific tyrosine phosphatase that plays a major role in the development of synaptic plasticity. Recent findings have implicated STEP in several psychiatric and neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, fragile X syndrome, Huntington's disease, stroke/ischemia, and stress-related psychiatric disorders. In these disorders, STEP protein expression levels and activity are dysregulated, contributing to the cognitive deficits that are present. In this review, we focus on the most recent findings on STEP, discuss how STEP expression and activity are maintained during normal cognitive function, and how disruptions in STEP activity contribute to a number of illnesses.
富含纹状体蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶（STEP）是一种大脑特异性酪氨酸磷酸酶，在突触可塑性的发展中起主要作用。最近的研究结果表明，STEP与多种精神和神经疾病有关，包括阿尔茨海默病、精神分裂症、脆性X综合征、亨廷顿舞蹈症、中风/缺血以及与应激相关的精神疾病。在这些疾病中，STEP蛋白表达水平和活性失调，导致了所出现的认知缺陷。在本综述中，我们重点关注STEP的最新研究结果，讨论在正常认知功能期间STEP的表达和活性是如何维持的，以及STEP活性的破坏如何导致多种疾病。
