Qin Yu, Zhang Wen, Yang Ping
Cadet Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
J Neurosci Res. 2015 Mar;93(3):391-8. doi: 10.1002/jnr.23480. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
New neurons are continuously generated throughout life in the subgranular zone in the dentate gyrus of the mammalian hippocampus and in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. With the aid of new methodologies, significant progress has been made in the characterization of endogenous stem cells (ependymal cells) and their development in the adult spinal cord. Recent studies have shed light on essential extrinsic and intrinsic molecular mechanisms that govern sequential steps of neurogenesis in the adult spinal cord. This review discusses the occurrence, origin, and specific makers of ependymal cells; the factors regulating neurogenesis of multipotent ependymal cells; and the implications of ependymal cells in the repair of spinal cord injuries.
在整个生命周期中，哺乳动物海马齿状回的颗粒下区以及侧脑室的室下区会持续生成新的神经元。借助新方法，在内源性干细胞（室管膜细胞）的特性及其在成体脊髓中的发育方面已取得重大进展。最近的研究揭示了控制成体脊髓神经发生连续步骤的重要外在和内在分子机制。本综述讨论了室管膜细胞的发生、起源和特异性标志物；调节多能室管膜细胞神经发生的因素；以及室管膜细胞在脊髓损伤修复中的意义。
