Internal jugular vein thrombosis complicating disseminated tuberculosis in a 2-year-old child.

Internal jugular vein (IJV) thrombosis is a serious and potentially life-threatening occurrence in children, and is usually associated with malignancies, prolonged central venous catheterisation or deep seated head and neck infections or trauma. It has not been described in association with tuberculosis in children. The authors describe a 2-year-old child who presented with IJV thrombosis in association with clinical signs and symptoms of disseminated tuberculosis. There was complete resolution of symptoms after starting antitubercular drugs and warfarin. The authors emphasise that an active search for tuberculosis should be made routinely in patients with IJV thrombosis with an underlying mediastinal mass and/or generalised lymphadenopathy.