Celi Leo Anthony, Ippolito Andrea, Montgomery Robert A, Moses Christopher, Stone David J
Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Laboratory of Computational Physiology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.
J Med Internet Res. 2014 Sep 19;16(9):e216. doi: 10.2196/jmir.3761.
Clinicians face difficult treatment decisions in contexts that are not well addressed by available evidence as formulated based on research. The digitization of medicine provides an opportunity for clinicians to collaborate with researchers and data scientists on solutions to previously ambiguous and seemingly insolvable questions. But these groups tend to work in isolated environments, and do not communicate or interact effectively. Clinicians are typically buried in the weeds and exigencies of daily practice such that they do not recognize or act on ways to improve knowledge discovery. Researchers may not be able to identify the gaps in clinical knowledge. For data scientists, the main challenge is discerning what is relevant in a domain that is both unfamiliar and complex. Each type of domain expert can contribute skills unavailable to the other groups. "Health hackathons" and "data marathons", in which diverse participants work together, can leverage the current ready availability of digital data to discover new knowledge. Utilizing the complementary skills and expertise of these talented, but functionally divided groups, innovations are formulated at the systems level. As a result, the knowledge discovery process is simultaneously democratized and improved, real problems are solved, cross-disciplinary collaboration is supported, and innovations are enabled.
临床医生在基于研究得出的现有证据无法很好解决的情况下，面临着艰难的治疗决策。医学数字化为临床医生提供了一个机会，使他们能够与研究人员和数据科学家合作，解决以前模糊不清且看似无法解决的问题。但这些群体往往在孤立的环境中工作，无法有效沟通或互动。临床医生通常深陷日常实践的琐碎事务和紧急情况中，以至于他们没有意识到或采取改善知识发现的方法。研究人员可能无法识别临床知识中的差距。对于数据科学家来说，主要挑战是在一个既不熟悉又复杂的领域中辨别哪些是相关的。每种领域专家都能贡献其他群体所没有的技能。“健康黑客马拉松”和“数据马拉松”活动让不同参与者共同合作，利用当前数字数据随时可用的优势来发现新知识。利用这些有才华但功能分散的群体的互补技能和专业知识，在系统层面形成创新。结果，知识发现过程同时实现了民主化和改进，解决了实际问题，支持了跨学科合作，并推动了创新。
