Faculty of Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Mar;22(5):3467-76. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3584-2. Epub 2014 Sep 23.
The objective of the study is to establish the link between air pollution, fossil fuel energy consumption, industrialization, alternative and nuclear energy, combustible renewable and wastes, urbanization, and resulting impact on health services in Malaysia. The study employed two-stage least square regression technique on the time series data from 1975 to 2012 to possibly minimize the problem of endogeniety in the health services model. The results in general show that air pollution and environmental indicators act as a strong contributor to influence Malaysian health services. Urbanization and nuclear energy consumption both significantly increases the life expectancy in Malaysia, while fertility rate decreases along with the increasing urbanization in a country. Fossil fuel energy consumption and industrialization both have an indirect relationship with the infant mortality rate, whereas, carbon dioxide emissions have a direct relationship with the sanitation facility in a country. The results conclude that balancing the air pollution, environment, and health services needs strong policy vistas on the end of the government officials.
本研究旨在建立空气污染、化石燃料能源消耗、工业化、替代能源和核能、可燃烧的可再生能源和废物、城市化与马来西亚卫生服务之间的联系。该研究采用两阶段最小二乘法对 1975 年至 2012 年的时间序列数据进行回归分析，以尽可能减少卫生服务模型中内生性问题。结果表明，空气污染和环境指标是影响马来西亚卫生服务的重要因素。城市化和核能消耗都显著提高了马来西亚的预期寿命，而生育率随着国家城市化水平的提高而降低。化石燃料能源消耗和工业化与婴儿死亡率呈间接关系，而二氧化碳排放与国家的卫生设施呈直接关系。研究结果表明，平衡空气污染、环境和卫生服务需要政府官员具有强有力的政策视野。
