Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, 75450, Melaka, Malaysia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Oct;24(29):23096-23113. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9950-0. Epub 2017 Aug 21.
The main objective of this study is to investigate the influence of the globalisation (Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement in particular) on air pollution in Malaysia. To achieve this goal, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, Johansen cointegration test and fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) methods are utilised. CO emission is used as an indicator of pollution while GDP per capita and urbanisation serve as its other determinants. In addition, this study uses Malaysia's total trade with 10 TPP members as an indicator of globalisation and analyse its effect on CO emission in Malaysia. The outcome of this research shows that the variables are cointegrated. Additionally, GDP per capita, urbanisation and trade between Malaysia and its 10 TPP partners have a positive impact on CO emissions in general. Based on the outcome of this research, important policy implications are provided for the investigated country.
本研究的主要目的是探讨全球化（特别是跨太平洋伙伴关系协定（TPP））对马来西亚空气污染的影响。为了实现这一目标，使用了自回归分布滞后（ARDL）模型、约翰森协整检验和全修正最小二乘法（FMOLS）方法。CO 排放被用作污染的指标，而人均 GDP 和城市化水平则作为其其他决定因素。此外，本研究还使用马来西亚与 10 个 TPP 成员国的总贸易额作为全球化的指标，并分析其对马来西亚 CO 排放的影响。研究结果表明，这些变量是协整的。此外，人均 GDP、城市化和马来西亚与其 10 个 TPP 伙伴之间的贸易对 CO 排放总体上有正向影响。基于这项研究的结果，为被调查国家提供了重要的政策启示。
