Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, 1 Vicar Lane, Sheffield, S1 1HD, UK.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Jan 16;20(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8183-1.
Although there is growing evidence of the relevance of self-compassion for understanding health outcomes, few studies have examined self-compassion in relation to self-reported physical health status, also known as self-rated health (SRH). This study addressed this gap by examining the associations between self-compassion and SRH across multiple samples and after accounting for the contributions of positive and negative affect.
Data from 26 samples (total N = 6127), comprised of 6 university student, 16 community adult, and 4 chronic illness samples, were included in the current analyses. Participants in each sample completed a survey including measures of self-compassion and SRH. Thirteen samples also completed a measure of positive and negative affect. The associations between self-compassion and SRH were statistically meta-analysed. Moderator analyses were conducted to test whether the associations varied as a function of sample type, age or participant sex. Semipartial correlations were calculated controlling for positive and negative affect in 13 samples and meta-analysed.
Findings indicated that self-compassion was significantly associated with higher SRH across the 26 samples (r = .25; CI: .22, .28). The associations did not however vary significantly across sample types, or as a function of participant sex or age. The meta-analyses of the adjusted effects found that self-compassion remained significantly associated with higher SRH after accounting the contributions of positive (sr = .11; CI: .07, .15) and negative (sr = .25; CI: .06, .15) affect.
The current study demonstrated that self-compassion is robustly associated with higher SRH across 26 samples and that this association remained significant after adjusting for the influence of positive and negative affect in 13 samples. Further longitudinal and experimental research is needed to verify the causal direction between self-compassion and SRH suggested by theory and the current findings.
尽管越来越多的证据表明自我同情对于理解健康结果具有相关性，但很少有研究探讨自我同情与自我报告的身体健康状况（即自我评估的健康状况，SRH）之间的关系。本研究通过在多个样本中检验自我同情与 SRH 之间的关联，并考虑了积极和消极情绪的影响，填补了这一空白。
本研究纳入了 26 个样本（共 6127 名参与者）的数据，包括 6 个大学生样本、16 个社区成人样本和 4 个慢性疾病样本。每个样本的参与者都完成了一项调查，其中包括自我同情和 SRH 的测量。其中 13 个样本还完成了积极和消极情绪的测量。统计上对自我同情与 SRH 之间的关联进行了元分析。进行了调节分析，以检验这些关联是否因样本类型、年龄或参与者性别而有所不同。在 13 个样本中，计算了控制积极和消极情绪的偏部分相关系数，并进行了元分析。
研究结果表明，自我同情与 26 个样本中的 SRH 呈显著正相关（r=0.25，CI：0.22，0.28）。然而，这些关联在样本类型、参与者性别或年龄方面没有显著差异。调整后的效应的元分析发现，在考虑到积极情绪（sr=0.11，CI：0.07，0.15）和消极情绪（sr=0.25，CI：0.06，0.15）的贡献后，自我同情与 SRH 仍呈显著正相关。
本研究表明，自我同情与 26 个样本中的 SRH 呈显著正相关，并且在 13 个样本中调整积极和消极情绪的影响后，这种关联仍然显著。需要进一步的纵向和实验研究来验证理论和当前研究结果所表明的自我同情与 SRH 之间的因果关系。
