Eckart W U
Offentl Gesundheitswes. 1989 May;51(5):213-21.
The historical period of the Weimar Republik has to be looked upon as the blossom time of municipal public health care under the influence of the theory of social hygiene. This leading theory originated from the idea of a social policy and a social medicine worked out during the German revolution of 1848. Its theoretical foundation as a social science was laid by Alfred Grotjahn in the years before 1914. The article describes the practical transformation of this theory in municipal public health care during the twenties, using the capital Berlin as an example. It is shown how racial hygiene influenced this process. In 1933 the idea of racial hygiene became dominant and the progressive representatives of social hygiene either had to emigrate or they were eliminated by the Nazis. After 1945 this double break in continuity caused considerable difficulties in the practical reorganization as well as in the theoretical reorientation of public health care.
魏玛共和国的历史时期必须被视为在社会卫生理论影响下市政公共卫生保健的繁荣时期。这一主导理论源于1848年德国革命期间制定的社会政策和社会医学理念。其作为一门社会科学的理论基础由阿尔弗雷德·格罗特雅恩在1914年之前奠定。本文以首都柏林为例，描述了20世纪20年代这一理论在市政公共卫生保健中的实际转变。展示了种族卫生学如何影响这一过程。1933年，种族卫生学思想占据主导地位，社会卫生学的进步代表要么被迫移民，要么被纳粹清除。1945年之后，这种连续性的双重断裂给公共卫生保健在实际重组以及理论重新定位方面带来了相当大的困难。
